邻里建成环境对老年人活动出行的影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-01 11:28

本文关键词： 健康老龄化邻里住区建成环境老年人购物活动休闲活动出行　出处：《大连理工大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国正在步入老龄化社会,老年人身体活动对实现健康老龄化具有积极作用。然而,现代主义规划设计范式影响下的邻里建成环境,非但难以有效应对人口老龄化进程的严峻挑战,反而在一定程度上成为老年人日常活动行为的潜在制约因素。通过对建成环境的规划调控,来有效促进老年人日常的积极活动出行,进而提升老年人的健康水平,正在成为城市规划领域中一个至关重要、极具挑战性的议题。其中,最为关键的问题就是要深入理解建成环境要素特征与老年人日常活动行为之间错综复杂的内在关系。本研究首先通过系统梳理国内外个体活动出行行为研究进展,以及对个体行为研究相关理论的总结分析,提出构建跨越单一学科的整合性理论框架是准确评估建成环境与个体活动出行行为之间作用关系的首要前提。其次,研究选取大连市不同建成环境形态的4个邻里住区为典型案例,以与老年人康体活动水平息息相关的购物、休闲活动出行行为作为分析对象,从邻里建成环境点一设施、线-道路、面-土地、域-空间等4个空间维度入手,通过案例比较分析法,初步识别对老年人身体活动有明显促进或制约作用的建成环境要素。研究发现,邻里住区内设施网点的个体特征、街道网络的拓扑形式、土地利用的地块尺度、公共空间的界面活力等多方面因素共同影响着老年人的日常购物活动出行频率；邻里住区内户外场所的空间视域、街道网络的拓扑形式和密集程度、土地利用的布局模式和多样性、街道空间的连接度和选择度等多方面因素共同影响着老年人的日常休闲活动出行频率。最后,基于研究发现,本文初步提出了面向健康老龄化目标的住区环境规划设计改进建议。
[Abstract]:China is stepping into an aging society, and the physical activities of the elderly have a positive effect on the realization of healthy aging. However, the neighborhood built environment under the influence of modernism planning and design paradigm. It is not only difficult to effectively deal with the severe challenges of the aging process, but also become a potential restriction factor of the daily activities of the elderly to a certain extent, through the planning control of the built environment. To effectively promote the daily active travel of the elderly, and then improve the health of the elderly, is becoming a crucial and challenging topic in the field of urban planning. The most important problem is to deeply understand the intricate relationship between the characteristics of built-up environment and the daily activities of the elderly. Firstly, this study systematically reviews the research progress of individual travel behavior at home and abroad, and summarizes and analyzes the relevant theories of individual behavior research. It is the first prerequisite to accurately evaluate the relationship between the built environment and individual travel behavior to construct a theoretical framework of integration across a single discipline. The study selected four residential districts with different built environmental patterns as typical cases, taking shopping and leisure travel behavior which are closely related to the level of recreation and sports activities of the elderly as the object of analysis. From the neighborhood built environment point one facility, line-road, surface-land, domain-space four dimensions of space, through the comparative analysis of cases. Preliminary identification of the physical activity of the elderly has a significant role in promoting or restricting the built environment elements. The study found that the individual characteristics of the network of facilities in the neighborhood, the topological form of the street network, land use of the scale of land use. The interface vitality of public space and other factors affect the daily shopping activities of the elderly travel frequency; The spatial horizon of outdoor places in neighborhood, the topological form and dense degree of street network, the layout pattern and diversity of land use. The connectivity and choice of street space affect the daily leisure travel frequency of the elderly. Finally, based on the research findings. In this paper, suggestions for improvement of environmental planning and design for healthy aging are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：C913.6;TU984.12

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