美国机构养老社区空间人本化构建及经验借鉴

发布时间：2018-02-02 20:02

本文关键词： 机构养老人本化养老社区政策响应美国经验　出处：《地理科学进展》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国老龄化正在加速发展,面临一系列严峻挑战,特别是机构养老社区的人本化构建。本文通过系统化梳理和分析美国先进案例和实践经验,甄别出其机构养老社区空间发展的四个新动向:(1)在区位选择上,趋向于分布在气候舒适和景观宜人的地方;(2)在空间融合上,趋向于嵌入具有高城市性(urbanity)的大型养老社区;(3)在内部规划上,趋向于功能分区弹性化和适老设计人本化;(4)在投融资模式上,趋向于投资多元化特别是PPP为主体的公私合营化。借鉴美国机构养老社区的空间发展新动向,提出了相应的政策响应和学术启示,以期为中国机构养老事业的优化发展提供新思路。
[Abstract]:Aging in China is accelerating development, facing a series of severe challenges, especially the humanistic construction of institutional community for the aged. This paper systematically combs and analyzes the advanced cases and practical experience of the United States. Identify four new trends in the spatial development of their institutional pension communities: 1) in terms of location selection, they tend to distribute in places where the climate is comfortable and the landscape is pleasant. Tend to embed a large pension community with high urbanity3) in internal planning, tend to functional zonation flexibility and the design of the old people in the mode of investment and financing, The trend of investment diversification, especially the public-private partnership with PPP as the main body, draws lessons from the new trend of the spatial development of the institutional community for the aged in the United States, and puts forward the corresponding policy response and academic enlightenment. With a view to providing new ideas for the optimization and development of institutional pension in China.
【作者单位】：中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所;中国科学院区域可持续发展分析与模拟重点实验室;中国科学院大学;北京大学经济学院;
【基金】：中国博士后科学基金项目(2017M610664)~~
【分类号】：C913.6;TU984.12
【正文快照】： 1引言中国从1999年正式进入老龄化社会,现已成为全球唯一的老年人口超过1亿的国家,并且还在以年均3%以上的速度递增(高晓路等,2015),人口老龄化进程呈现出不断加快的趋势。因此,养老问题十分严峻,如养老机构供需矛盾突出(高晓路等,2012)、养老设施布局失衡(宋韬等,2001;陶卓霖

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