高校自费留学生回国就业的适应性研究

发布时间：2018-02-08 10:56

本文关键词： 自费留学生回国就业适应　出处：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：出国留学在我国具有源远流长的历史,其中,自费留学以其强大的自发性、迅速发展的速度,逐渐增长的比例而成为出国留学群体中的主要力量。洋务运动至今,自费留学的现象和观念已在中国植根并得到了深远的发展。自费留学已经完全取代了公费留学的主体地位。但在这一过程中,相对庞大的自费留学生群体在回国就业上如何适应存在着一些问题。如何对这个群体因而需要对自费留学的现象进行深入剖析和研究。首先,本文通过自费留学在我国的发展历史,追溯其历史内涵和社会根基。并对近现代以来自费留学现象和特点的变化进行介绍,也从整体的留学政策和留学情况的发展历程看待了留学和回国就业的关系。同时以搜集的数据对我国自费留学生回国就业群体的发展现状和发展趋势进行了描述,简单阐释了留学回国人员就业的几个新现象和新趋势。其次,本文以文献法整理和提炼国内外相关学术研究,通过多视角对留学生回国就业问题进行探讨。国内外对于留学生研究的侧重点有所不同,国内集中在留学政策、回国就业等方面,而国外则多对跨文化适应和语言能力的影响进行了研究。研究方法则运用了混合法,结合了定量研究方法和定性研究方法。接下来是文章的主题,涉及三块主要内容:回国就业的原因、留学生回国就业与就业市场的错位,最后本文从国家、个人、社会等方面提出了可行性对策。在第一版块,本文对自费留学生回国就业的原因进行了研究。运用半结构式访谈法对十二名来自不同省份、不同学科背景的留学生进行了深度访谈。访谈对象年龄段集中在19-28岁之间,访谈内容涉及到留学生的学习、生活、文化适应、情感体验等方面,深度挖掘了留学生为什么作出回国就业的选择。其次,文章结合留学生回国就业的原因,对留学生求职意愿、能力等与国内人才市场发生错位来深入讨论了为什么海归人员会出现就业不成功的现象,最后一个版块中,笔者由以上探讨的问题、现象和原因出发,力求从多角度提出对策,全面发挥国家宏观调控作用和政策引导作用,以实现海归留学生成功就业,同时也为用人单位提出了建议,形成双赢的就业局面。最后是文章的结语部分,对文章的创新之处做了讨论,同时也指出了本文的不足之处,以期抛砖引玉,能为相关研究有所启发。
[Abstract]:There is a long history of studying abroad in China. Among them, self-funded study abroad, with its strong spontaneity, rapid development and increasing proportion, has become the main force in the group studying abroad. The phenomenon and concept of studying abroad at one's own expense has been rooted in China and has made a profound development. Self-funded study abroad has completely replaced the main position of studying abroad at public expense. But in this process, There are some problems in how the relatively large group of self-funded international students adapt to their employment. How to analyze and study the phenomenon of self-funded study abroad is necessary. First, Through the history of self-funded study abroad in China, this paper traces its historical connotation and social foundation, and introduces the changes of the phenomenon and characteristics of self-funded study abroad since modern times. It also looks at the relationship between studying abroad and returning employment from the overall policy of studying abroad and the development of the situation of studying abroad. At the same time, with the data collected, the paper describes the present situation and development trend of the group of self-funded overseas students returning to work in our country. This paper briefly explains several new phenomena and new trends of employment of returned overseas students. Secondly, this paper collates and refines the relevant academic research at home and abroad by the method of literature. This paper probes into the employment problem of returned students from different perspectives. The emphasis of the study on overseas students is different at home and abroad, and the domestic focus is on the study abroad policy, the employment of returning students, and so on. However, the influence of foreign countries on cross-cultural adaptation and language competence has been studied. The research methods have been mixed, combined with quantitative and qualitative research methods. Three main contents are involved: the reasons for returning to China for employment, the dislocation between the employment of returned students and the employment market. Finally, this paper puts forward feasible countermeasures from the aspects of the country, the individual, the society, etc. In the first section, This paper studies the reasons why self-funded international students return to China for employment. 12 foreign students from different provinces and different academic backgrounds are interviewed in depth by using semi-structured interview method. The subjects are mainly between 19 and 28 years old. The contents of the interview relate to the study, life, cultural adaptation and emotional experience of the foreign students. It deeply excavates the reasons why the foreign students choose to return to China for employment. Secondly, the article combines the reasons of returning students for employment. This paper discusses in depth the reasons why overseas returnees do not succeed in obtaining employment. In the last section, the author starts from the problems, phenomena and reasons discussed above. We strive to put forward countermeasures from various angles, give full play to the role of national macro-control and policy guidance, in order to achieve successful employment of returned overseas students, and at the same time put forward suggestions for employing units. The last part is the conclusion of the article, which discusses the innovation of the article, and also points out the shortcomings of this paper, in order to inspire the relevant research.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F249.2;G648.9;C912.6

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