青少年参与户外运动动机、氛围的特点及其对坚持性影响的研究

发布时间：2018-02-11 00:27

本文关键词： 户外运动动机氛围坚持性　出处：《上海体育学院》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着大众健身在我国的蓬勃发展,户外运动作为一种新兴的健身形式,正逐渐为大众所熟知和认可。并且,户外运动一方面具备常规体育活动所能带给人们强身健体,愉悦身心的作用,另一方面其独特的亲自然性、探险性和新兴性等特点又可以满足参与者不同的心理需求。近30年来,国外心理学家对参与户外运动动机等方面做了大量研究,结论并不一致。在国内,户外运动开展的较晚,其开展形式和程度与欧美国家均有所不同。因此,对参与户外运动的心理动因,环境特点和行为特点进行本土化研究是极其必要的。本研究选取了654名中小学生作为调查对象,其年龄范围在11-18岁,使用自编的户外运动参与动机量表,参与氛围量表和坚持性量表对其进行测查。研究综合考虑不同性别、年龄组和家庭所在地的人口学因素,采用探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析、T检验、方差分析、相关分析、回归分析和结构方程模型路径分析等统计方法,得出以下结论: 第一,经过探索性因素分析和验证性因素分析,本研究确定了包含16个题项的户外运动参与动机量表、17个题项的户外运动参与氛围量表和6个题项的户外运动坚持性量表。并且这三个量表的信效度均到达测量学要求第二,参与动机方面,男生在动机的各维度上均高于女生;小学生的动机强于中学生;城郊学生强于农村学生。第三,参与氛围方面,调查显示,男生较女生感受到更多阻碍其参加户外运动的因素;小学生获得的支持和指导更多,城市学生感受到的支持更多。第四,坚持性方面,男生的坚持性显著强于女性,小学生显著强于中学生,城郊学生强于农村学生。第五,对于青少年参与户外运动动机、氛围和坚持性关系的路径分析显示,参与动机和氛围均对坚持性有直接决定作用,相比之下,参与动机的作用更大。另外,通过参与氛围可以对参与动机进行预测。本研究成果可为提高促进我国青少年户外运动发展与推动提供理论与评价方法指导。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of mass fitness in China, outdoor sports, as a new form of fitness, are gradually known and recognized by the public. The role of pleasure in mind and body, on the other hand, its unique characteristics of being natural, adventurous and emerging, can also meet the different psychological needs of participants. In the past 30 years, psychologists abroad have done a great deal of research on the motivation of participating in outdoor sports. The results are not consistent. In China, outdoor sports are developed late, and their forms and degrees are different from those in Europe and the United States. Therefore, the psychological motivation to participate in outdoor sports is different from that in Europe and the United States. It is necessary to study the characteristics of environment and behavior. In this study, 654 primary and middle school students were selected as the subjects, whose age ranges from 11 to 18 years old. They were investigated by using the self-designed outdoor sports participation motivation scale, the participation atmosphere scale and the persistence scale. By using exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, variance analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis and structural equation model path analysis, the following conclusions are drawn:. First, after exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis, In this study, 16 items of outdoor sports participation motivation scale, 17 items of outdoor sports participation atmosphere scale and 6 items of outdoor sports persistence scale were determined. The reliability and validity of the three scales reached the requirements of measurement. Second, in terms of participation motivation, boys are higher than girls in all dimensions of motivation; pupils' motivation is stronger than middle school students; suburban students are stronger than rural students. Third, participation atmosphere, the survey showed that boys than girls feel more obstacles to their participation in outdoor sports; pupils received more support and guidance, urban students feel more support. In 4th, the persistence of boys was significantly stronger than that of females, that of pupils was significantly stronger than that of middle school students, and that of suburban students was stronger than that of rural students. In 5th, the path analysis of participation motivation, atmosphere and persistent sexual relationship showed that participation motivation and atmosphere all had direct influence on persistence, compared with that, participation motivation played a more important role. The motivation of participation can be predicted by the atmosphere of participation. The results of this study can provide theoretical and evaluation guidance for promoting the development and promotion of juvenile outdoor sports in China.
【学位授予单位】：上海体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.5

【引证文献】