交叉分类对藏族女性评价的影响

发布时间：2018-02-12 10:28

本文关键词： 交叉分类效应偏见与歧视双重负担理论社会优势理论　出处：《西北师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：交叉分类是指,在存在群际偏见的两个群体之间,根据两个或多个类别维度来重新划分群体。交叉分类效应是Valerie在交叉性研究中提出的,也称为交叉类别群体成员的被忽视性,他认为交叉类别成员经历了独特的歧视形式,即群体成员避开了针对对典型性群体成员的歧视和偏见,同时由于人们对其的忽视,交叉类别群体成员必须要更努力才能被注意到或被认可。本研究在前人研究的基础上,探究了在中国文化背景下,交叉分类效应是否存在。本研究以汉族个体为被试,研究对交叉类别群体即藏族女性的评价是否存在交叉分类效应,共包含3个实验。实验1中使用了多重社会分类研究中常用的“谁说了什么”实验范式,研究在什么条件下以及哪个社会类别更容易被忽视。试验中给被试呈现一个音频材料,让被试完成“谁说了什么”任务。探讨与其他社会类别相比,藏族女性说的话以及他们在群体中的贡献能否被正确的认识。探讨在一般条件下交叉分类效应的存在。在此基础上,实验2和实验3的通过创设不同的情境,探讨交叉分类效应在不同情境中是否依然存在。实验2中,被试通过了解领导者的民族、性别及组织绩效信息,对交叉类别成员的领导能力及符合领导者特征程度进行评价。研究当交叉类别成员是一名领导者时,在组织成功或组织失败时,对藏族女性领导者的评价是否存在交叉分类效应。实验3中,研究通过向让被试呈现混合性别工作团队成员的民族、性别等信息,让被试对混合性别团队中两名成员的整体能力和工资水平进行评估,研究当交叉类别成员是普通员工时,对藏族女性的评价存在交叉分类效应。结果表明,藏族女性对群体的贡献更容易被忽视(实验1);当交叉类别成员是领导者时,藏族女性领导者与汉族男性领导者相比获得更公正的评价,而相对占优势的汉族女性或藏族男性却受到更多的批评(实验2)。当交叉类别成员作为普通员工时,汉族男性与汉族女性工作团队中出现对女性贡献的贬低,而藏族女性与男性作为搭档时,对她们的贬低不明显(实验3)。综上,实验证明了交叉分类效应不只是在西方文化背景下显著存在,同时在中国文化背景中也是存在的。并证明交叉类别群体成员无论是作为领导者还是作为普通员工,对他们的评价不符合“双重负担理论”所说的因为他们的非典型特征而遭受到贬损,也不符合社会优势理论认为的由于他们的非典型性,使他们避免了针对典型性成员的歧视与偏见;但符合交叉分类效应,藏族女性的经历是复杂且独特的,对藏族女性的评价不仅受到他们自身社会类别的影响,也受到其他多种因素的综合影响。
[Abstract]:Cross classification refers to between two groups of intergroup bias, according to two or more dimensions to re divide groups. Cross classification effect is proposed in Valerie cross research, also known as cross category group members are ignored, he believes that cross category members experience a unique form of discrimination that is, the group members to avoid discrimination and prejudice against the typical group members, at the same time because people ignore the cross category, group members must work harder to be noticed or recognized. This study based on the previous research, explores the China in cultural background, whether there is cross classification effect in this paper, Han individuals as subjects, research on Cross groups evaluation of Tibetan women whether there is cross classification effect, contains a total of 3 experiments. Experiment 1 used in the study of multiple classification society The commonly used "who said what" paradigm study under what conditions and what social class is more likely to be ignored. To test subjects were presented with an audio material, subjects were asked to complete the "who said what" to explore the task. Compared with other social categories, Tibetan female words and their contribution to in the group can be correctly understood. To investigate the effect of cross classification in general conditions. On the basis of Experiment 2 and 3 through the creation of different situations, to explore whether cross classification effect exists in different situations. In Experiment 2, the subjects by understanding the leader of the nation, gender and organizational performance information with the cross, class member leadership and evaluate the degree of leadership characteristics. Study on when cross category members is a leader in the organization, the success or failure of the organization, the leader of Tibetan women Whether the cross classification effects of evaluation. In Experiment 3, through the research to let present subjects with mixed gender team members of ethnic, gender and other information, let the participants of the two members of the team's overall ability of mixed gender and wage level assessment study when cross category members is the general staff, there is cross classification effect evaluation on Tibetan women. The results show that the contribution of women to the Tibetan population is more likely to be ignored (Experiment 1); when the cross member is class leader, the leader and the leader of the Tibetan female male Han compared evaluation more fair, and relatively dominant Han female or male Tibetan has been more criticism (Experiment 2). When cross category members as ordinary employees, the contribution of women to appear in men of Han nationality and Han women work team, and Tibetan women and men as a partner, to her The down is not obvious (Experiment 3). The experiment proves that the cross classification effect is not only in the background of western culture is significant, but also exists in the Chinese cultural background. And that cross category group members either as a leader or as ordinary employees, their evaluation does not conform to the double burden the theory of "because of their atypical features and suffered derogatory, does not conform to that social dominance theory due to atypical them, so that they can avoid discrimination and prejudice against the typical members; but with the cross classification effect, the Tibetan female experience is complex and unique, evaluation of Tibetan women is not only affected by the their own social categories, also affected by other factors.

【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：C912.6

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