环境约束下的对外贸易与经济增长关系的实证研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 02:32

本文关键词： 区域环境约束对外贸易空间集聚　出处：《安徽财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在我国区域对外贸易高速增长的同时,环境问题成为制约对外贸易发展的一项重要因素。本文对环境约束、对外贸易和经济发展的关系进行了实证研究。以寻求区域环境保护和对外贸易的长期均衡关系,达到我国经济增长中资源的最优配置。通过对环境因素和对外贸易关系进行分析,使用SBM方法研究环境效率进行测度,发现我国大多数地区处于环境效率偏低的状态,在此基础上对环境质量进行检验,可以看出,工业废水和SO2排放量和经济增长的关系曲线为倒U型,而工业固体废弃物的库兹涅兹假说检验在发现其与经济增长的关系呈现出更为复杂N型关系。在对外贸易对环境污染的影响分析时发现,绝大多数地区在工业废水排放量和SO2排放量这两项污染指标上支持污染天堂假说,而在对工业固体废弃物进行测度时,则恰恰相反,大多数地区并不支持。对外贸易对废水排放量的影响较大,而且工业废水治理难度也相对较强。SO2排放量存在空间溢出效应。建立变系数实证模型,结果表明：进出口贸易和环境效率在不同省市的影响作用不同。在分析其影响因素的差异时可以看出,在西部地区影响弹性系数较大,说明在西部较落后地区,环境约束下的对外贸易增长能较快的促进产业结构和规模的调整和升级。在实证分析的基础上对环境效率的空间集聚性和环境约束下影响区域经济增长的空间自相关性进行研究,对外贸易的集聚性增强时,环境污染的区域集聚性也在增加。环境约束下的对外贸易对经济增长有着显著的正效应,空间系数在α=0.1%水平上显著。分别对东部、中部和西部地区进行回归,发现其影响效应存在一定差异性。最后,针对上述结论,简要提出实现经济和对外贸易、环境保护平衡发展,实现绿色贸易的几点相关政策的建议。本文增加对环境相关的科研技术的投入；加强政府环保政策的监督与管制,更有效的控制环境污染程度；调整对外贸易的产业结构,在相对优势的基础上,向环保新企业转型,在环境约束的前提下,提高对外贸易生产效率和技术水平,促进区域经济更健康的发展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid growth of regional foreign trade in China, environmental problems have become an important factor restricting the development of foreign trade. This paper makes an empirical study on the relationship between foreign trade and economic development in order to seek the long-term equilibrium relationship between regional environmental protection and foreign trade in order to achieve the optimal allocation of resources in China's economic growth. Based on the analysis of environmental factors and foreign trade relations and the measurement of environmental efficiency by using SBM method, it is found that most areas in China are on the low side of environmental efficiency. On this basis, the environmental quality is tested, and it can be seen that, The relation curve between industrial wastewater and SO2 discharge and economic growth is inverted U type. The Kuznets hypothesis test of industrial solid waste shows that the relationship between industrial solid waste and economic growth shows a more complex N-type relationship, and in the analysis of the impact of foreign trade on environmental pollution, it is found that, The vast majority of regions support the pollution paradise hypothesis in terms of industrial wastewater discharge and SO2 emissions, whereas in measuring industrial solid waste, the opposite is true. The effect of foreign trade on wastewater discharge is great, and the difficulty of industrial wastewater treatment is relatively strong. So _ 2 emission has spatial spillover effect. The empirical model of variable coefficient is established. The results show that the influence of import and export trade and environmental efficiency is different in different provinces and cities. It shows that in the relatively backward areas in the west, The growth of foreign trade under environmental constraints can accelerate the adjustment and upgrading of industrial structure and scale. On the basis of empirical analysis, the spatial agglomeration of environmental efficiency and the spatial influence of environmental constraints on regional economic growth are analyzed. To study the correlation, When the agglomeration of foreign trade increases, the regional agglomeration of environmental pollution also increases. Foreign trade under environmental constraints has a significant positive effect on economic growth, and the spatial coefficient is significant at the level of 伪 -0. 1%. By regression analysis in central and western regions, it is found that there are some differences in the effects. Finally, in view of the above conclusions, this paper briefly puts forward some relevant policies to realize the balanced development of economy and foreign trade, environmental protection and green trade. To strengthen the supervision and control of government environmental protection policies, to control the degree of environmental pollution more effectively, to adjust the industrial structure of foreign trade, on the basis of comparative advantages, to transform into new enterprises of environmental protection, and under the premise of environmental constraints, We will improve the efficiency and technical level of foreign trade and promote the healthy development of the regional economy.
【学位授予单位】：安徽财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：C829.2

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