现代日本女性社会地位变化的研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 05:17

本文关键词： 日本女性社会性别差异变化男女平等社会地位　出处：《东华大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文从社会性别差异的角度出发,考察日本女性地位的变化。战前,女性的地位还比较低,战后,受欧洲各国以及美国的先进思想的影响,日本吸收男女平等的思想,制定了教育基本法、男女就业机会均等法等保护女性权利的法律。男女平等思想开始渗透进日本社会。随着女性地位的提高,国民的意识开始发生变化。关于日本女性地位的变化,首先论述了女性教育的发展。直到战前,“男主外、女主内”被视为社会的惯例。男性在社会上工作获取相应报酬。女性接受的大多是在家庭中女性的工作的内容的教育。女性基本上忙于做家务与抚育幼儿,外出工作的女性占少数。战后,日本制定了教育基本法,规定男女可以共学。然后论述了日本女性进入社会工作。女性得以与男性接受一样的教育,像男性一样进入社会工作。1950年后半期到70年代后半期,在这期间,女性进入社会工作的人数有所增加,但是在这期间,女性更多的是家庭主妇。直到80年代以后,随着男女雇佣机会均等法的颁布,女性获得了进入社会,与男性同酬工作的法律保障。更多的女性实现了自我价值,获得了经济的独立。接下来对女性获得参政权进行论述。战前的女性没有参政权。1945年,日本发布了众议院议员选举法的改正,女性获得了选举权,女性议员开始增加。战后,日本颁布了教育基本法、男女就业机会均等法等法律保护女性权力。男性绝对领导的立场发生变化,男女平等思想开始渗透入日本社会。接下来阐述的是日本婚姻状况的变化。通过对比战前战后婚姻的状况,阐述当代日本女性比在战前在婚姻上受到了更多的法律保护,女性得以自主地选择结婚对象。女性无论在经济上,还是在精神上都比战前得到了更多的自由。论文的最后论述了日本女性的地位的现状,日本作为先进国家,女性社会地位虽然自身在提高,而相对欧美其他先进国家还是比较低,探讨了提高日本女性地位的方法。
[Abstract]:From the perspective of gender differences, this paper examines the changes in the status of women in Japan. Before the war, the status of women was still relatively low. After the war, under the influence of advanced ideas from European countries and the United States, Japan absorbed the idea of equality between men and women. The basic law of education and the law on equal employment opportunities for men and women have been enacted to protect the rights of women. The thought of equality between men and women began to permeate Japanese society. With the advancement of women, the national consciousness began to change. With regard to the change in the status of women in Japan, the development of female education was first discussed. Women in charge "are regarded as social conventions. Men are paid for their work in society. Women are mostly educated about the content of women's work in the family. Women are basically busy doing housework and raising young children." After the war, Japan enacted a basic law on education, stipulating that men and women can study together. Then it discusses that Japanese women enter into social work. Women can receive the same education as men and enter social work as men. In the second half of 1950 to the second half of 70s, the number of women entering social work has increased. But during this period, women were more likely to be housewives. Until 80s, with the enactment of the Equal opportunities for Employment Act for Women and Men, women were given legal protection to work on equal pay with men. More women realized their self-worth. Gained economic independence. Then there was a discussion on women's participation in power. Women did not participate in power before the war. On 1945, Japan issued a revision of the election law for members of the House of Representatives. Women gained the right to vote, and women members of parliament began to increase. After the war, Japan promulgated the basic Law on Education and the Law on Equal Employment opportunities for Men and Women to protect the rights of women. The position of absolute leadership of men and women has changed and the idea of equality between men and women has begun to permeate Japanese society. Next, the changes in the marital status of Japan. By comparing the status of marriage before and after the war, it is expounded that women in contemporary Japan are more protected by law than in marriage before the war. Women are able to choose their own marriage partners. They have more economic and spiritual freedom than they did before the war. In the end, the paper discusses the status of Japanese women, Japan as an advanced country, although the status of women in society itself is improving, compared with other advanced countries in Europe and the United States is relatively low, discussed the ways to improve the status of Japanese women.
【学位授予单位】：东华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：C913.68

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