我国城市社区居民自治建设的理论思考

发布时间：2018-02-24 09:39

本文关键词： 社区城市社区城市社区居民自治基层民主　出处：《河南大学》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社区是社会发展,特别是社会经济发展的必然产物。随着社会主义市场经济体制和政治体制的改革与发展,社区在社会发展中的地位日益突出,逐渐成为中国基层民主政治建设的重要性战略空间,以自治为核心的基层民主建设是中国民主发展的重要组成部分。 19世纪70年代末,由于政治、经济、文化各方面都发生了重大的变革,村民自治制度与城市社区自治制度相继建立起来,并表现出了旺盛的生命力。20世纪90年代,随着我国社会主义市场经济制度的确立和发展,城市社区居民自治也发展起来。所谓城市社区居民自治,是指在城市社区范围内,社会成员在法律、法规及相关政策允许的范围内,在没有外部力量强制性的干预下,通过民主协商合作处理社区的公共事务,并使社区进入自我服务、自我管理、自我教育的过程。在党和政府的领导下社区居民通过民主管理、民主监督、民主决策、民主选举而达到的自我监督、自我管理、自我服务、自我教育。对于城市社区的发展起到了积极的作用。随着城市现代化、社会多元化、政治民主化的发展,城市社区居民自治在社会的发展中逐渐焕发出一种新的生命力,对社会主义基层民主发展起到了很重要的作用,社会主义居民自治取得了较大的成绩。但由于我国当前处在社会转型期,城市社区居民自治仍然存在着不少问题,针对这些问题,本文提出了一些具有针对性的建议和对策供进一步探讨。全文除引言和结语外,共分四个部分。引言主要指出笔者选取这一研究主题的理由、研究背景,同时还简单介绍了我国城市社区居民自治的发展状况及其面临的一些主要问题。正文从四个方面来展开阐述。第一部分：城市社区居民自治的由来和演变。阐述了城市社区居民自治的相关概念,如：“社区的”的定义、“城市社区”和“城市社区居民自治”的涵义,另外还介绍了“社区”的由来。第二部分：我国城市社区居民自治理论的主要内容与发展过程。文中首先介绍了居民自治的由来、特征、功能和意义,其次介绍了社区居民自治的发展轨迹。笔者把城市社区居民自治分为两个部分,并详细的分析了其发展过程。第三部分：目前城市社区居民自治面临的现实状况。针对我国目前城市社区居民自治的实际情况,笔者主要指出我国城市社区居民自治面临的几个主要问题：如：相关城市社区居民自治法律有待完善、居民委员会组织面临困窘及政府职能不明确等一系列问题。第四部分：针对我国城市社区建设中面临的问题提出相应对策：1.完善有关城市社区居民自治的法律制度,加强制度建设。2.提高居民参与意识。3.强化城市居委会的自治功能。4.转变政府职能。5.加强社区党建。6.理顺社区组织之间的内部关系。结语：社区居民自治是社区发展的不可逆转的潮流,在党的坚强领导下,在政府的大力推动下,社区居民自治必然会迎来大力发展的时期。
[Abstract]:Community is the social development, especially the inevitable result of social and economic development. With the reform and development of the socialist market economic system and political system, the status of community in social development have become increasingly prominent, has become the political construction of democracy at the grassroots level Chinese the importance of strategic space, grassroots democracy autonomy as the core is an important part of Chinese democratic development.
At the end of 1870s, due to political, economic, and cultural aspects have undergone significant changes, the villager autonomy system and city community autonomy system have been established, and demonstrate the vitality of.20 in 90s, with the establishment and development of China's socialist market economic system, city community residents' autonomous development. The so-called City Community Residents Autonomy refers to the community in the city within the scope of social members in the legal scope, regulations and related policies, in the absence of external force mandatory intervention, through democratic consultation and cooperation with the community public affairs, and make community service to self, self management, self education. In the process of the party and the government under the leadership of the community residents through democratic management, democratic supervision, democratic decision-making, democratic elections and achieve self supervision, self management, self service and self education. The development of urban communities has played a positive role.
Along with the development of city modernization, social diversification, the development of democracy, the City Community Residents Autonomy in the development of the society gradually brought out a new vitality, a very important role in the development of socialist democracy at the grassroots level, the residents' autonomy has made great achievements. But because our country is in the social transition period, city community autonomy still has many problems, aiming at these problems, this paper puts forward some targeted suggestions and Countermeasures for further study.
In addition to the introduction and conclusion, the full text is divided into four parts.
The introduction mainly points out the reasons for choosing this research topic and the background of the research. It also briefly introduces the development of urban community residents' autonomy in China and some major problems.
The text is elaborated from four aspects.
The first part: the origin and evolution of urban community residents' autonomy. This paper expounds the relevant concepts of urban community residents' autonomy, such as the definition of "community", the meaning of "urban community" and "Urban Community Residents Autonomy", and also introduces the origin of "community".
The second part: the main content of our city of community residents' self governance and development. This paper first introduces the origin, the residents' autonomy characteristics, function and significance, then introduces the development of community autonomy. The city community autonomy is divided into two parts, and a detailed analysis of the process of its development.
The third part: the current situation of City Community Residents Autonomy faces. According to the actual situation of city community autonomy in China at present, the author points out some key problems of City Community Residents Autonomy in China: such as: City Community Residents Autonomy Law need to be improved, the residents committee organization faces embarrassment and a series of government functions is not clear the problem.
The fourth part: in view of our country city community construction is facing problems and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures: 1. to improve the legal system of City Community Residents Autonomy, strengthen the system construction to improve the awareness of residents to participate in.2..3. to strengthen the city neighborhood autonomy function.4..5. internal relationship between the transformation of government functions to strengthen the community party.6. to rationalize the community organization.
Conclusion: community residents' autonomy is the irreversible trend of community development. Under the strong leadership of the Communist Party and the vigorous push of the government, the autonomy of community residents is bound to usher in a great development period.

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C916

【引证文献】