公民利益表达渠道研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 12:43

本文选题：利益表达　切入点：利益表达渠道　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2011年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：伴随30多年的改革开放,我国在政治、经济和文化领域取得了辉煌成就的同时,社会的利益关系和利益结构也发生了巨大的分化和变化。改革开放的过程,从某种意义上讲就是对社会各种利益关系进行调整的过程。因此,如何协调各种利益关系以确保每个公民利益的实现成为党和国家高度关注的话题。党的十七大政治报告中第一次出现了“表达权”的表述,明确提出表达权并强调其作为人类社会首要基本人权的重要地位,公民平等的利益表达权和畅通的利益表达渠道的重要性因此得以彰显。本研究在对利益表达相关概念进行厘定的基础上,选取新公共服务理论和善治理论为研究视角和分析框架,以社会稳定为价值主线,对四种典型的利益表达渠道——传统媒体、信访、网络和司法救济——在公民利益表达过程中的利用现状进行了较为全面、审慎的剖析。首先,本文通过客观分析,得出各种利益表达渠道中存在的主要问题。具体说来,传统媒体渠道存在的主要问题是:政府对媒体过高的内容审查力度、媒体自身独立性和代表性的欠缺;信访渠道存在的主要问题是:信访协调性和执行权力的缺位、信访制度运行过程中的制度性目标异化;网络渠道存在的主要问题是:“过渡管制”导致的表达门槛过高、网络生态的恶化和网络媒体公信力不足等;司法救济渠道存在的主要问题是:司法的独立性欠缺、司法救济受理难和司法救济执行难等。其次,本文在从体制和制度等层面深度挖掘上述问题产生的根源的基础上,积极思考问题的对策。具体来说,即通过调整媒体内容审查形式、明晰媒体产权、加强媒体行业自律等措施以畅通媒体渠道;通过取消信访责任追究制、调整党政信访机构和改革司法信访制度等对策以畅通信访渠道;通过健全法规体系、强化监督机制、完善政府管理机制、加强网络媒体、从业者和网民自律等措施以畅通网络渠道;通过推动政治体制中其他制度的配套改革、调整法院机构设置和层级管理模式、取消案件请示制度、改革法官选任制度等对策以畅通司法救济渠道。
[Abstract]:Along with more than 30 years of reform and opening up, China has made brilliant achievements in the political, economic and cultural fields, at the same time, the social interest relationship and interest structure have also undergone tremendous differentiation and change. In a sense, it is the process of adjusting the interests of society. How to coordinate various interests to ensure the realization of the interests of every citizen has become a topic of great concern to the Party and the state. For the first time, the expression of "right of expression" appeared in the party's political report of the 17th National Congress. The right of expression is clearly put forward and emphasizes its important position as the primary basic human right in human society, so the importance of equal right of expression of interests and unimpeded channels of expression of interests of citizens can be demonstrated. On the basis of defining the related concepts of interest expression, this study selects the new public service theory and the good governance theory as the research angle and the analysis frame, taking the social stability as the value main line, to four kinds of typical interest expression channel-the traditional media. The application of petition, network and judicial remedy in the process of civil interest expression is analyzed comprehensively and prudently. First of all, through objective analysis, this paper finds out the main problems existing in various channels of interest expression. Specifically, the main problems of traditional media channels are: the government's excessive censorship of media content. Lack of independence and representativeness of the media itself, the main problems in the channel of petition are: the coordination of petition and the absence of executive power, the alienation of institutional objectives in the operation of the petition system; The main problems of the network channel are: too high threshold of expression caused by "transitional regulation", deterioration of the network ecology and lack of credibility of the network media, etc. The main problems of the judicial relief channel are: the lack of independence of the judiciary, and so on. The administration of judicial relief is difficult and the execution of judicial relief is difficult. Secondly, on the basis of deeply exploring the root causes of the above problems from the system and system level, this paper actively considers the countermeasures of the problems. Specifically, by adjusting the form of media content censorship, the paper clarifies the media property rights. Measures such as strengthening self-discipline in the media industry to open up media channels; unblocking channels of petition by abolishing the accountability system for letters and visits, adjusting the party and government petition agencies and reforming the judicial petition system, etc.; and strengthening the supervisory mechanism by improving the legal system, To improve the government management mechanism, strengthen the network media, practitioners and Internet users, and other measures to smooth the network channels; by promoting the reform of other systems in the political system, adjust the court organization setup and hierarchical management model, Cancel the system of asking for instructions and reform the system of selecting and appointing judges in order to smooth the channels of judicial relief.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C914

【引证文献】