社会工作介入农村进城老年人社会适应问题的研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 14:02

本文选题：生理适应　切入点：心理适应　出处：《西北大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着城市化进程的推进,越来越多的农村老年人告别生活已久的乡村,追随子女来到城市生活。面对一个全新的生活环境,老年人在适应城市生活过程中会面临很多困难,例如：城乡之间生活习惯不同、老年人在家庭与社会的地位转换、居住环境不同、语言交流方式不同、消费观念不同等等。这些问题在不同程度上影响着农村进城老年人的城市生活质量,因此需要社会各界人士予以更多的关注。本文主要以社会适应理论为理论基础,将农村进城老年人的社会适应问题划分为：生理适应、心理适应、文化适应和社会适应四个方面。由于生活空间的转移,熟悉的环境发生变化,可能会导致身体主动性减弱；自我价值感降低认同感缺乏；相对于城市主流文化被边缘化；缺乏经济、情感以及服务支持使得控制与应对情景压力能力降低。这些不适应主要是因为进城老年人自身文化素质不高、城乡生活习惯差异、城乡居住环境差异、城乡文化冲突、制度性障碍等因素造成的。本研究通过小组工作方法的介入,引导进城老年人参与小组活动,在活动中组员提出改善他们自身的困境,应加强与人的沟通交流,并适当参加体育锻炼,使身体主动性增强；倡导社区开展老年活动,为进城老年人搭建互动平台,增强进城老年人的自我价值与归属感；政府及职能部门应加强对农村进城老年人的关注,制定并完善相关政策与法规。
[Abstract]:With the development of urbanization, more and more rural elderly people leave the country where they have lived for a long time and follow their children to the city. In the face of a new living environment, the elderly will face a lot of difficulties in adapting to the city life. For example, there are different living habits between urban and rural areas, changes in the status of the elderly in the family and society, different living environments and different ways of language exchange. These problems affect the quality of urban life of the elderly in rural cities in varying degrees, so they need more attention from people from all walks of life. Based on the theory of social adaptation, this paper divides the problems of social adaptation of the elderly in rural cities into four aspects: physical adaptation, psychological adaptation, cultural adaptation and social adaptation. Changes in the familiar environment may lead to reduced physical initiative; a lower sense of self-worth; a lack of identity; marginalization from mainstream urban culture; and a lack of economy, Emotion and service support reduce the ability to control and cope with situational stress. These inadaptations are mainly due to the low cultural quality of the elderly in cities, differences in their living habits, differences in urban and rural living environment, and cultural conflicts in urban and rural areas. Institutional obstacles and other factors. Through the intervention of group work methods, the study led the elderly in cities to participate in group activities. In the activities, the group members proposed to improve their own plight, should strengthen communication with people, and participate in physical exercise appropriately. Promote community activities for the elderly, build an interactive platform for the elderly in cities, enhance their self-worth and sense of belonging; the government and functional departments should pay more attention to the elderly in rural areas. Formulate and improve related policies and regulations.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：C916;D669.6

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