宁夏农村留守妇女发展项目评价研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 17:28

本文选题：留守妇女　切入点：健康促进　出处：《宁夏医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：背景:在农村,特别是在边远贫困的少数民族地区,农村留守妇女在健康方面的发展处于比较低的水平。2014年,爱德基金会、美国ERD在宁夏吴忠市农村地区援助实施了宁夏农村留守妇女发展项目,旨在通过对留守妇女进行健康教育及健康宣传,提高留守妇女的健康状况。本研究通过对项目的条件-过程-结果实施情况进行综合评价,分析健康促进的实施效果,这对促进留守妇女的健康发展,从而促进少数民族农村地区的可持续发展具有重要意义。目的:按照条件-过程-结果评价原理建立评价指标体系,对项目实施效果进行客观的评价,对项目实施效果进行分析,发现存在的问题与不足,为项目的进一步实施推广提供政策建议,为宁夏农村留守妇女的发展提供理论基础和实践指导。方法:采用问卷调查和访谈的方法获得相关资料;运用德尔菲法建立评价指标体系;比较过程中采用描述性方法和卡方检验进行分析;采用logistic回归分析健康影响因素,多元线性回归分析法分析项目健康干预效果影响因素;采用因子分析法进行妇女满意度评价。结果:1.通过德尔菲法建立项目评价指标体系,包括3个一级指标、9个二级指标、27个三级指标。2.实施过程方面:基线调查结果,妇女主要集中在26-35岁和36-45岁两个年龄段,初中文化程度占总人数的65.34%;67.78%的妇女对常见妇科疾病仅了解一点;妇女发展需求以妇幼保健、老年人保健以及常见妇科疾病的预防与治疗为主。项目经费情况,总经费为1088856.56元,经费总到位率为101.87%,项目经费无违规使用情况。项目活动开展情况,项目期间共开展三次妇女健康体检,体检人数200人;卫生工作者培训6次,培训人数52人;健康知识培训18次,培训人数1058人;健康教育宣传15次,宣传人数8586人。3.项目实施效果方面:卫生工作者培训知晓率为85.46%;金川村健康知识知晓率提高了25.66%,山水沟村提高了28.14%,山水沟村健康知识知晓率总体高于金川村3.48%;体检结果异常人数明显下降,其中以宫劲肥大和细菌性阴道炎妇科疾病得病人数下降较为明显,分别下降了14.00%和5.50%。项目对比研究,两项目村之间对比,对常见妇科疾病的了解程度、自我体检频率、就医态度以及卫生行为指标P值均大于0.05,两项目村健康促进效果差别不大;项目村与对照村之间对比,在对常见妇科疾病的了解程度、自我体检频率、就医态度以及卫生行为几个指标的P值均小于0.05,项目村与对照村存在显著差异,通过健康促进活动,项目村留守妇女健康观念和意识有了较大的提高,健康促进取得一定的成效。影响因素分析方面,logistic回归分析结果显示,对疾病的了解程度相关性最高为15.752,是影响妇女健康的最主要因素,其次是文化程度为11.686,排在第三位的是卫生行为11.492;多元线性回归分析结果显示健康教育培训、健康知识宣传以及卫生工作者培训对健康促进有显著的正向影响。4.满意度方面:因子分析发现,妇女满意度综合得分为4.314,说明妇女对项目满意度较高,其中,健康促进因子得分最高为4.411分,说明妇女对健康知识培训和健康知识宣传的满意度处于较高水平;项目其他活动因子得分最低为3.988分,与项目其他活动开展的针对性不强有关,有针对性的开展其他活动,适当调整开展方式,有助于提高妇女满意度。建议:1.加大对妇女健康资金投入力度;2.继续加强对妇女的健康知识培训与宣传;3.建立妇女健康保健长效机制,增加定期、不定期体检,增加免费健康普查次数;4.继续推进卫生工作者培训,优化培训模式。
[Abstract]:Background: in the countryside, especially in the outlying and poverty-stricken ethnic minority areas, rural women development in terms of health at the level of.2014 is relatively low, the Amity Foundation, the United States ERD in the rural areas of Ningxia and Wuzhong aid the implementation of Ningxia women left behind in rural development projects, through the health education and health promotion of women left behind improve, left behind women's health. The comprehensive evaluation result implementation based on the project conditions - process, analysis of the effect of health promotion, to promote the healthy development of the women left behind, so as to promote the sustainable development of minority rural areas is of great significance. Objective: according to the conditions of process outcome evaluation the establishment of index system principle, the implementation effect of the project objective evaluation of the project effectiveness analysis, found the problems and shortcomings, for the item Objective to further implement the promotion provides policy recommendations, left behind women's development to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for the rural areas of Ningxia. Methods: by questionnaire survey and interview to obtain the relevant information; the use of Delphy Fa to establish the evaluation index system; the comparison process using descriptive analysis and chi square test were analyzed by logistic regression analysis; health influencing factors multivariate linear regression analysis, analysis of factors influencing the effect of health intervention project; using the method of factor analysis of women's satisfaction evaluation. Results: 1. through the Delphi method to establish the evaluation index system, including 3 first level indicators, 9 level two indexes, 27 level three indexes of.2. implementation process: the baseline survey results, women mainly concentrated in the 26-35 and 36-45 year old age of two, junior high school education accounted for 65.34% of the total number; 67.78% women of common gynecological diseases only know Point; development needs of women in maternal and child health care, elderly care and prevention and treatment of common gynecological diseases. The project funds, the total funds of 1088856.56 yuan of funds in place, the total rate was 101.87%, no illegal use of project funds. To carry out the project activities during the project carried out a total three women's health examination, examination number 200 people; health workers training 6 times, training a total of 52 people; health knowledge training 18 times, training a total of 1058 people; health education 15 times, the number of publicity and implementation effect of 8586.3. projects: health workers training awareness rate was 85.46%; the awareness rate was increased by 25.66% in Jinchuan village health knowledge, improve the village landscape 28.14% the overall rate of 3.48%, higher than the Jinchuan village known landscape village health knowledge; abnormal physical examination results significantly decreased the number, with strong palace hypertrophy and bacterial vaginitis gynecological disease the number of sick declined more Obviously, decreased by 14% and comparative study of 5.50%. project, the contrast between the two project villages, understanding of common gynecological diseases, self check frequency, medical and health behavior attitude index P values are greater than 0.05, the effect difference of village health promotion project two project; villages and control villages in the comparison between the level of understanding of the common gynecological diseases, self check frequency, medical treatment and health behavior attitude index P values were less than 0.05, the project villages and control villages have significant differences, through health promotion activities, the project left behind women's health consciousness has been greatly improved, health promotion has made some achievements. The influencing factors logistic regression analysis. The analysis results show that the correlation between the degree of understanding of disease is up to 15.752, is the main factor affecting the health of women, followed by the culture degree is 11.686, ranked third in the Health is 11.492; multiple linear regression analysis showed that the health education and training, health knowledge propaganda and health worker training for health promotion has a positive effect of.4. satisfaction significant aspects: factor analysis found that the comprehensive score of women's satisfaction was 4.314, that of women of high satisfaction and health promotion factor among them, the highest score of 4.411 points, that women's satisfaction on health knowledge training and health knowledge propaganda at a high level; other project activity factor score is 3.988 points, and carry out other activities related to the project the needle is not strong, targeted to carry out other activities, carry out appropriate adjustments, help to improve women's satisfaction. Suggestions: 1. to increase women's health investment; 2. to strengthen the health knowledge training and advocacy for women; women's health care 3. to establish long-term mechanism, increase Period, non periodic physical examination, increase the number of free health census; 4. continue to promote the training of health workers and optimize the training model.

【学位授予单位】：宁夏医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.68

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