中国学龄前儿童家庭照料安排与政策需求——基于多源数据的分析

发布时间：2018-03-13 06:04

本文选题：儿童照料　切入点：家庭照料　出处：《人口研究》2017年06期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：文章基于多源数据分析中国0~5岁学龄前儿童家庭照料安排状况及主要特征。不同来源的数据都反映出家庭的儿童照料赤字过大、母亲照料负担过重、母职与父职关系失衡、祖辈的替代照料比重高等特点。这些现实问题不仅直接影响到儿童的健康成长、女性的就业与发展、家庭的生活质量,同时也会影响到全面两孩政策的落实。导致这些问题的一个关键原因是缺乏对儿童照料安排的制度支持,尤其是3岁以下正规照料供给的严重短缺。"工作—家庭"平衡已经成为一种普遍的、刚性的社会需求。从宏观上看,儿童照料是人口再生产得以实现的必要条件。从家庭政策的视角,应该加强对儿童照料的支持,包括加大陪产假和育儿假的力度,大力发展针对3岁以下幼儿的正式照料服务,帮助和支持照料者对工作—家庭责任的兼顾。
[Abstract]:Based on multi-source data, this paper analyzes the status and main characteristics of family care arrangements for 5-year-old preschool children in China. Data from different sources show that the family's child care deficit is too large, the mother's care burden is too heavy, and the relationship between mother and father is out of balance. These practical problems not only directly affect the healthy growth of children, the employment and development of women, the quality of life of families, It can also affect the implementation of a comprehensive two-child policy. A key cause of these problems is the lack of institutional support for child care arrangements. In particular, there is a severe shortage of formal care provision under the age of three. The work-family balance has become a widespread, rigid social demand. Child care is a necessary condition for the reproduction of the population. From the perspective of family policy, support for child care should be strengthened, including through increased paternity and parental leave, and the development of formal care services for children under 3 years of age, Help and support carers' reconciliation of work and family responsibilities.
【作者单位】：南开大学社会工作与社会政策系;南开大学社会学系;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重点项目《中国当代家庭代际关系功能及其福利效应研究》(17ARK004) 教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目《中国家庭转变研究》(16JJD840013)资助
【分类号】：C913.11

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