全面二孩政策对女性就业的影响——基于企业人工成本中介效应的分析

发布时间：2018-03-13 06:15

  本文选题：全面二孩政策　切入点：企业人工成本　出处：《人口与经济》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于适龄职业女性问卷调查数据,采用探索性因子分析、验证性因子分析和层级回归分析方法,研究了我国全面二孩政策对女性就业的影响。研究发现:全面二孩政策对女性就业存在多方面的影响,对女性求职艰难、薪酬福利减少、退出劳动力市场、非正规就业增加均具有显著正向影响,且企业人工成本在全面二孩政策对女性就业的影响中起着显著中介作用。全面二孩政策对不同年龄、不同学历、不同企业性质、不同收入、不同城市的女性就业的影响存在差异,年龄较轻、学历较低的女性表现为求职艰难,年龄较长、学历较高的女性表现为薪酬福利减少,外资企业和私有企业女性员工比国有企业女性员工、高收入女性员工比低收入女性员工、一线城市和二线城市比三线城市的女性员工受影响程度更高。
[Abstract]:Based on the survey data of professional women of appropriate age, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical regression analysis were used. This paper studies the effect of the comprehensive two-child policy on the employment of women in China. The study finds that the comprehensive two-child policy has many effects on the employment of women, which is difficult for women to find jobs, reduces the salary and welfare, and exits the labor market. The increase of informal employment has a significant positive effect, and the labor cost of enterprises plays a significant intermediary role in the impact of the comprehensive two-child policy on female employment. Women with different incomes and different cities have different effects on employment. Women with younger age and lower academic qualifications have difficulty in finding jobs, are older, and those with higher academic qualifications have less pay and benefits. Female employees in foreign and private enterprises are more affected than women employees in state-owned enterprises, women employees in high-income enterprises are more affected than women workers in low-income cities, and women workers in first-tier cities and second-tier cities are more affected than those in third-tier cities.
【作者单位】： 山东工商学院人力资源研究所;山东工商学院经济学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金项目“全面两孩政策下家庭关系变化与家庭支持政策研究”(17BRK026)
【分类号】：C913.68;C924.21
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本文编号：1605135