个人生活方式问卷的编制

发布时间：2018-03-13 07:47

本文选题：生活方式　切入点：问卷编制　出处：《武汉体育学院》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前，在我国，威胁人们生命健康的主要疾病已由过去的传染病转变为慢性非传染病。医学工作者通过大量反复的研究表明：生活方式和行为不健康、不科学是最主要的发病原因。良好的生活方式可以促进人体的健康，反之，则会危害人体的健康。因此，树立文明、健康、科学的生活方式，克服和消除不良的生活方式是十分必要的。因此个人生活方式问卷的编制具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。本研究运用文献资料法综合以往有关理论认为生活方式是一个多维度的理论构念，并将其定义为个人为满足生存、发展需要，在外界环境相互作用下形成和固定下来的具有强度、方向性的行为模式。在分析已有的生活方式问卷和开放式问卷的基础上，建构了包括健康、人际、情绪、物质与饮食、工作学习和娱乐、运动锻炼维度六个维度，共88题目的初测问卷。对初测问卷进行项目分析和探索性因素分析，形成了47题目的再测试卷，经过再次项目分析和探索性因素分析，剔除和新增个别题目后形成了44题目的再修订问卷。再修订问卷经过第三次的数据处理和分析，，最终形成了37道题目的正式问卷。个人生活方式正式问卷包括健康责任行为、人际拒斥和人际支持、过劳、情绪能力和管理、工作和学习、物质使用不当以及运动锻炼七个维度。采用正式问卷对内蒙古一西部小镇人们的生活方式进行调查，回收有效问卷384份。其内部一致性系数为0.812，表明问卷稳定可靠。相关系数矩阵验证性因子分析得出问卷的结构符合问卷编制的基本要求。对内蒙古一西部小镇人们的生活方式进行特点分析，总体上不存在差异。但在运动锻炼、人际拒斥和人际支持、过劳维度上存在性别、是否在职的差异。在讨论中，结合以往研究对这些差异做了分析。本研究得到如下结论： (1)个人生活方式的内涵：个人为满足生存、发展需要，在外界环境相互作用下形成和固定下来的具有强度、方向性的行为模式。 (2)建构了健康责任行为、人际拒斥和人际支持、过劳、情绪能力和压力管理、工作和学习、物质使用不当以及运动锻炼七个维度。 (3)根据生活方式的理论构想编制的个人生活方式问卷具有良好的信效度，可以作为测量的适宜工具。 (4)在健康责任行为、人际拒斥和支持、过劳、运动锻炼存在性别、是否在职的差异，对这些差异尚有待进一步研究和探讨。
[Abstract]:At present, in our country, the main diseases that threaten people's life and health have changed from the past infectious diseases to the chronic non-communicable diseases. Unscientific is the main cause of the disease. A good lifestyle can promote the health of the human body, otherwise, it will endanger the health of the human body. Therefore, to establish a civilized, healthy and scientific way of life, It is necessary to overcome and eliminate the bad lifestyle, so it is of great theoretical and practical significance to compile the personal lifestyle questionnaire. In this study, the literature method is used to synthesize the previous theories that life style is a multi-dimensional theoretical structure, and it is defined as the individual to meet the needs of survival and development. Intensive, directional behavior patterns formed and fixed under the interaction of the external environment. Based on the analysis of the existing lifestyle questionnaire and the open questionnaire, this paper constructs a behavior pattern that includes health, interpersonal, emotional, material and diet. There are six dimensions of work, study and recreation, exercise and exercise. The item analysis and exploratory factor analysis of the initial test questionnaire are carried out, and the re-test paper of 47 questions is formed. After re-item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, a revised questionnaire of 44 topics was formed after the elimination and addition of individual topics. The revised questionnaire was processed and analyzed for the third time. A formal questionnaire of 37 subjects was formed. The formal questionnaire on personal lifestyle included health responsibility behavior, interpersonal rejection and interpersonal support, overwork, emotional ability and management, work and study, There are seven dimensions of improper material use and exercise. A formal questionnaire was used to investigate the way of life of people in a small town in the western part of Inner Mongolia. 384 valid questionnaires were collected, and the internal consistency coefficient was 0.812, which indicated that the questionnaire was stable and reliable. The structure of the questionnaire met the basic requirements of questionnaire preparation by the confirmatory factor analysis of correlation coefficient matrix. The characteristics of people's life style in a small town in the west of Inner Mongolia are analyzed. There is no difference in life style in general. However, there are differences in the dimensions of exercise, interpersonal rejection and interpersonal support, gender and whether or not they are employed in the dimension of overwork. These differences are analyzed in combination with previous studies. The conclusions of this study are as follows:. (1) the connotation of personal lifestyle: a strong and directional behavior pattern formed and fixed by individuals in order to meet the needs of survival and development under the interaction of the external environment. 2) it constructs seven dimensions of health responsibility behavior, interpersonal rejection and interpersonal support, overwork, emotional ability and stress management, work and study, improper material use and exercise. 3) the personal lifestyle questionnaire developed according to the theory of life style has good reliability and validity and can be used as an appropriate tool for measurement. 4) there are gender differences in health responsibility behavior, interpersonal rejection and support, overwork and exercise. These differences need to be further studied and discussed.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：B849;C912

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