农村籍大学毕业生城市适应问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 23:22

本文选题：农村籍　切入点：大学毕业生　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前,我国正处于城市化发展的快速时期,农村籍大学毕业生在城市现代化建设和社会发展中发挥着重要的作用。农村籍大学毕业生的数量和质量都在不断增加,其在城镇化发展中扮演的角色和发挥的作用日益重要,已经成为不容小视的充满活力的新生人力资源。农村籍大学毕业生在城市适应方面面临着诸多困境和矛盾,一方面他们接受了一定程度的高等教育,在个人能力、专业知识、综合素质等方面能够很好地适应城市生活和工作,但另一方面他们是城市化发展中的弱势群体,在经济生活和心理等方面存在诸多城市适应困难。究其原因,一是受限于当前我国高等教育、户籍制度、城乡文化、社会保障体系等方面的不足和缺陷,二是农村籍大学毕业生自身在城市适应能力、惯习转变、传统观念、社会支持网络等方面的不足和尴尬处境,加强这些问题和对策的研究,提升农村籍大学毕业生城市适应能力就显得尤为必要。本研究的主要研究内容为:在总结和分析国内外学者关于城市适应相关研究成果的基础上,立足于当前我国农村籍大学毕业生城市适应现状,设计调查问卷,选取三所大学的320名大学毕业生为问卷对象,对其城市经济生活适应和心理适应的基本情况进行了调查和分析,以此为依据,探讨了农村籍大学毕业生的群体特征及城市适应问题及原因,并有针对性的提出了农村籍大学毕业生城市适应的提升对策。通过问卷调查和实证分析,本研究得出以下主要结论:第一,通过对300份农村籍大学毕业生城市适应现状的问卷调查结果统计分析,发现他们在城市经济生活适应和心理适应两个方面存在诸多问题和矛盾,这限制了他们更好更快的适应城市社会。第二,认为农村籍大学毕业生的群体特征主要表现在:首先是从乡土社会中走出的社会精英,其次成为了城市中的相对弱势群体,同时在城市社会中其角色存在不同程度的失调现象,从而给适应城市社会造成了一定的困境。第三,通过研究发现,农村籍大学毕业生城市适应问题具体表现在社会支持不足,社会资本匮乏;城乡文化抵触,惯习转变困难;户籍制度限制,户籍概念作祟三个方面。第四,认为提升农村籍大学毕业生城市适应的对策在于应当扩大社会支持网络,开发个人社会资本;增强城乡文化交流,促进惯习灵活转变;推动城乡户籍改革,打破户籍约束限制。
[Abstract]:At present, our country is in the rapid period of urbanization, and the rural college graduates are playing an important role in the modernization of the city and the social development. The role and role it plays in the development of urbanization is increasingly important and has become an energetic human resource full of vitality that should not be underestimated. Rural university graduates are facing many difficulties and contradictions in adapting to the city. On the one hand, they have received a certain level of higher education, which is able to adapt well to urban life and work in terms of personal ability, professional knowledge, comprehensive quality, etc., but on the other hand, they are a vulnerable group in the development of urbanization. There are many urban adaptation difficulties in the aspects of economic life and psychology. The first reason is that they are limited by the deficiencies and defects in China's current higher education, household registration system, urban and rural culture, social security system, and so on. Second, the rural college graduates themselves have their own shortcomings and embarrassing situations in the aspects of urban adaptability, habit change, traditional concepts, social support networks, and so on, so as to strengthen the study of these problems and countermeasures. It is particularly necessary to improve the urban adaptability of rural university graduates. The main research contents of this study are as follows: on the basis of summarizing and analyzing the research results of domestic and foreign scholars on urban adaptation, Based on the current urban adaptation of rural university graduates in China, a questionnaire was designed and 320 university graduates from three universities were selected as the subjects. Based on the investigation and analysis of the basic conditions of urban economic adaptation and psychological adaptation, this paper probes into the group characteristics of rural college graduates and the problems and causes of urban adaptation. Through the questionnaire survey and empirical analysis, the main conclusions of this study are as follows: first, Based on the statistical analysis of the results of a questionnaire survey on the urban adaptation of 300 rural college graduates, it is found that there are many problems and contradictions in the adaptation to urban economic life and psychological adaptation. This limits their ability to adapt better and faster to urban society. Second, it is believed that the group characteristics of rural college graduates are mainly manifested in: first, the social elite who came out of the rural society, and secondly, they became the relatively weak groups in the city. At the same time, its role in urban society has different degrees of imbalance, which has caused some difficulties to adapt to the urban society. Thirdly, through the study, it is found that the problem of urban adaptation of rural college graduates is reflected in the lack of social support. Lack of social capital, conflict between urban and rural culture, difficulty in habit transformation, restriction of household registration system and the concept of household registration. 4th. The countermeasures to promote the urban adaptation of rural college graduates are to expand the social support network. To develop individual social capital; to strengthen cultural exchanges between urban and rural areas and to promote flexible transformation of habits; to promote the reform of urban and rural household registration and to break the restrictions on household registration.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C912.81

【参考文献】