社会科学哲学视域下参与式农村评估（PRA）方法的科学性研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 15:47

本文选题：参与式农村评估方法　切入点：科学性　出处：《东北师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：20世纪80年代以来,越来越多的国际组织来华实施农村扶贫项目,伴随这些国际组织而来的还有其先进的社会调查方法——参与式农村评估方法(PRA)。参与式农村评估方法在我国经历了30余年的发展和演变,如今已经成为被国际组织扶贫、政府机关投资以及农科院校科研所广泛采用的社会科学数据收集方法。值得注意的是,在参与式农村评估方法在应用上取得巨大成功的同时,参与式农村评估方法的科学性却被学界忽视,鲜有研究。参与式农村评估方法是发明而非发现,其科学性不是自明的。因此,在社会科学哲学视域下对参与式农村评估方法的科学性进行研究是有必要的。本文从社会科学哲学的角度对参与式农村评估方法进行剖析,提炼出参与式农村评估方法的理论内核——参与式,参与式同时又是本方法的实施手段,因而对参与式农村评估方法的科学性进行分析就要先从参与式的科学性分析;另外,农民的价值取向在参与式农村评估方法中扮演着重要角色,尊重农民价值观作法的科学性也是论证本方法科学性的重要因素。全文将从三个方面对参与式农村评估方法的科学性进行阐述:第一,从操作化理论得出,操作化意义并非只存在于定量分析的的方法之中,定性分析的社会科学调查方法同样具有操作化意义,与定量方法的测量操作化意义不同,定性方法的操作化意义存在于对社会现象的解释之中。参与式农村评估方法在社会现象解释方面的巨大成功正是体现了操作化的解释意义,因此参与式农村评估方法在操作化理论下是具有科学性的。第二,参与式作为参与式农村评估方法的理论核心是符合介入之下不变理论的,参与式的介入是在合理范围之内的,因此在介入下不变理论的支持下,运用参与式农村评估方法所得数据是客观可靠的,参与式农村评估方法是科学的。第三,农民的意愿在参与式农村评估方法中得到重视是符合社会科学方法论的,尊重农民意愿代表的是承认社会科学研究中的研究对象所具有的能动性,因而是具有科学精神的。
[Abstract]:Since the 1980s, more and more international organizations have come to China to implement poverty alleviation projects in rural areas. These international organizations are accompanied by their advanced social survey method, the participatory rural assessment method, which has been developing and evolving in our country for more than 30 years, and has now become an international organization that has been helping the poor. Social science data collection methods widely used by government agencies and institutes of agricultural sciences. It is worth noting that, while the participatory rural assessment method has achieved great success in its application, However, the scientific nature of participatory rural assessment method is ignored by academic circles, and there is little research. The participatory rural evaluation method is invented rather than discovered, and its scientific nature is not self-evident. It is necessary to study the scientific nature of participatory rural evaluation from the perspective of social science philosophy. Abstract the theoretical kernel of participatory rural evaluation method-participatory type, which is also the means of implementation of this method. Therefore, the scientific analysis of participatory rural evaluation method must be based on the scientific analysis of participatory rural evaluation method; in addition, Farmers' value orientation plays an important role in participatory rural evaluation. The scientific nature of respecting farmers' values is also an important factor to demonstrate the scientific nature of this method. The full text will elaborate the scientific nature of participatory rural evaluation method from three aspects: first, from the operational theory, The operational significance is not only in the quantitative analysis method, but also in the social science survey method of qualitative analysis, which is different from the quantitative method. The operational significance of qualitative methods exists in the interpretation of social phenomena. The great success of participatory rural evaluation in the interpretation of social phenomena is the embodiment of operational explanatory significance. Therefore, the participatory rural evaluation method is scientific under the operational theory. Second, as the theoretical core of the participatory rural evaluation method, the participatory rural evaluation method is consistent with the invariant theory under intervention, and the participatory intervention is within a reasonable range. Therefore, with the support of the invariant theory, the data obtained by the participatory rural assessment method is objective and reliable, and the participatory rural evaluation method is scientific. Third, It is in line with the methodology of social science that farmers' will be paid attention to in the participatory rural evaluation method. Respecting the will of farmers represents the recognition of the initiative of the research object in social science research, so it has the scientific spirit.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：C12

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