西安市城郊失地农民城市适应性研究

发布时间：2018-03-26 17:38

本文选题：城市化　切入点：城郊失地农民　出处：《西北农林科技大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,中国城市规模不断扩充,城市建设不断加强,城市周围农村被纳入城市规划建设区中,由此造成了大量的失地农民。失地农民不仅失去了土地,而且也失去了原有的家园,他们被迫转入城市。城市和乡村是两种类型不同的地域社会共同体,因而有着巨大差异。1958年中国实施的城乡二元户籍制度强化了这种差异。城乡之间的巨大差异导致了失地农民的城市适应问题。失地农民城市适应问题不仅会影响失地农民自身的生活和发展,而且还会影响城市化的快速推进。因此,解决好失地农民的城市适应问题具有重大而深远的现实意义。失地农民由农村社区转入城市社区,转化的不仅有身份和地域,而且还有角色。附着在角色上的生活方式,价值观念,社会文化,社会关系等在失地后会随着生活场景的转化而转化。这一转化在当前和今后一段时间内的中国具有典型性,对这一转化的研究有助于探索失地农民这一群体在遭遇与原生活图景不同的生活场景时所展现出来的群体心理和群体行为,以及影响群体心理和群体行为的有关因素。加强对失地农民城市适应的研究有助于完善和补充相关应用社会学理论,因而具有重要的理论意义。早在19世纪末,国外学者就开始对移民(国际和国内)的城市适应展开研究。研究成果颇丰,但这些研究大多关注的是移民。国内关于失地农民城市适应的研究,有两个明显的研究趋向,一个是农民工的城市适应问题,一个是失地农民的城市适应问题。在失地农民城市适应这一研究领域,优秀的研究成果还不多见,并且还有一定的研究盲点。前期通过文献研究,确定了研究课题的主攻方向:城郊失地农民的城市适应问题;课题的主要研究内容:经济适应,社会适应,心理适应和政策适应;影响这些层面适应的主要因素;课题的调查区域:长安区,临潼区和阎良区;编制了调查问卷和访谈提纲。后期,对调查搜集到的数据和资料进行专业化的分析和探讨,通过分析和探讨得出: 第一、西安市城郊失地农民在经济层面上有相当一部分就业困难,平均月收入水平中等偏下,整体而言还不适应;在社会层面上交往主要集中在初级社会关系上,社会参与度较低,很少参与社区活动,整体而言也不适应;在心理层面上原城市居民缺乏应有的信任度,对新社区认同态度不明确,对自身身份认同模糊,有相当部分还认同自己是农村人;在政策层面上对政府安置政策评价不高,有相当一部分人认为政府政策没有完全落实,整体而言也存在不适应。第二、影响西安市城郊失地农民城市适应的因素有:社会客观环境,政府政策,年龄,失地时间,文化水平,家庭人均月收入水平,社会参与程度等。第三,年龄与总体适应情况呈负相关关系,失地时间,文化水平,家庭人均月收入水平和社会参与程度等与总体适应情况呈正相关关系。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the scale of Chinese cities has been continuously expanded, urban construction has been strengthened, and rural areas around cities have been incorporated into urban planning and construction areas, which has resulted in a large number of land-losing farmers, who have not only lost their land, but also lost their land. And they also lost their original homes, and they were forced to move to cities. Cities and villages are two different types of regional social communities. Therefore, there is a great difference. In 1958, the dual household registration system between urban and rural areas in China strengthened the difference. The huge difference between urban and rural areas led to the problem of urban adaptation of landless farmers. The problem of urban adaptation of land-lost farmers will not only affect the urban adaptation of land-lost farmers. The life and development of landless farmers, Therefore, it is of great and far-reaching practical significance to solve the problem of urban adaptation of land-lost farmers. The transformation of land-lost farmers from rural communities to urban communities not only has identity and region, And there are roles. The way of life, values, social culture and social relations attached to the role will change with the transformation of the life scene after the loss of land. This transformation is typical in China at present and in the future for a period of time. The research on this transformation is helpful to explore the group psychology and behavior of the landless farmers when they encounter different living scenes from the original life picture. Strengthening the study of urban adaptation of landless farmers is helpful to perfect and supplement the relevant applied sociological theory, so it is of great theoretical significance. As early as the end of the 19th century, foreign scholars began to study the urban adaptation of immigrants (both international and domestic). There are two obvious research trends, one is the urban adaptation of migrant workers, the other is the urban adaptation of landless farmers. And there are certain blind spots. In the early stage, through the literature research, the main research direction is determined: the urban adaptation of the peasants in the suburbs, the main contents of the research: economic adaptation, social adaptation, psychological adaptation and policy adaptation, the main contents of the research are as follows: economic adaptation, social adaptation, psychological adaptation and policy adaptation. The main factors affecting the adaptation to these levels; the investigation area of the subject: Changan District, Lintong District and Yan LiangDistrict; the questionnaire and interview outline were compiled. Later, the data and data collected from the investigation were analyzed and discussed professionally. Through analysis and discussion, it is concluded that:. First, at the economic level, the peasants who lost land in the suburbs of Xi'an have quite a few difficulties in finding employment. The average monthly income level is moderate, which is not suitable for the whole. At the social level, communication is mainly concentrated on the primary social relations. Social participation is low, rarely participate in community activities, the overall is not suitable; in the psychological level, the original urban residents lack the due trust, the attitude towards the new community identity is unclear, the identity of their own vague, Some of them also agree that they are rural people, and the evaluation of the government resettlement policy is not high at the policy level, while some people think that the government policy has not been fully implemented, and there is an overall lack of adaptation. Secondly, the factors influencing the adaptation of the land-lost farmers in the suburbs of Xi'an are: social objective environment, government policy, age, time of land loss, education level, average monthly income level of family, degree of social participation and so on. Third, age has a negative correlation with the overall adaptation, and the time of loss of land, the level of education, the average monthly income of the family and the degree of social participation are positively correlated with the overall adaptation.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C912.3

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