“人文发展”的维度及其评价

发布时间：2018-04-17 12:51

本文选题：人文发展 + 人文发展指数　；参考：《复旦大学》2006年博士论文

【摘要】： 人文发展观的提出是当代社会发展现实的要求，也是人们对发展认识的深化。本文从发展观念的演进入手，揭示人文发展观提出的历史前提与特定内涵，分别从人文发展的终极目标和核心价值、所关注人类生活的主要方面以及独特的视角等方面展开论述，并就借鉴人文发展方法对我国的发展评价提出建言。本文认为，人文发展把发展界定为“扩大人的选择的过程”，就是致力于发展目标与发展过程和手段的相结合；它以实现人的全面自由为目标，以提高人的能力为途径，关注人类生活各方面的成就与人权的改善，具有相当积极的意义。健康长寿、有知识、能够过上体面的生活是人文发展关注的人类生活三个最基本方面，它还关注人们高度珍视的其他领域的选择权。人文发展认为经济增长只是发展的手段，人的能力的提高、选择范围的扩大和自由的最终实现才是发展的目的。这样，它所谋求的是经济增长向人文发展的转化。发展应该让所有的人受益，公平地享有发展的机会。因此，反贫困就成为改进发展战略的当务之急，给所有人提供公平发展的机会，以使他们能够获得充分和全面的发展。人文发展以自由的视角看待文化多样性，认为文化多样性是实现文化自由的前提，而文化多样性的价值则由文化自由来判定。文化自由是人权的重要内容，人文发展可以促进文化权利的实现。对于发展来说，文化自由则意味着发展的非同质性。以人为中心，聚焦人类生活的最基本方面，定性与定量相结合，，以及开放性是人文发展的主要评价原则。人文发展指数(HDI)有它的优势，但也引起了一些争议。本文认为，人文发展评价还应该有更广泛的评价方式，包括关注人文发展战略本身的丰富内涵及其政治意义。选择、自由和能力是人文发展最核心的概念，这三个核心概念紧密相联系，构成了人文发展理论分析框架的基础；“目的—手段”分析和“评估—机制”分析则是该理论的两个基本分析方法。本文最后建议，在关注我国发展各个方面的具体问题同时，也应该借鉴包括人文发展的理论与方法，抓紧研究我国发展的迫切性问题与根本性问题，以充实我们的发展理论，指导我们的发展实践。
[Abstract]:The proposition of humanistic development view is not only the demand of contemporary social development reality, but also the deepening of people's understanding of development.Starting with the evolution of the concept of development, this paper reveals the historical premise and specific connotation of the concept of humanistic development, respectively from the ultimate goal and core value of human development.This paper discusses the main aspects of human life and its unique angle of view, and puts forward some suggestions on the development evaluation of our country by using the human development method for reference.This paper holds that human development defines development as "the process of expanding human choice", that is, it is committed to the integration of development goals with development processes and means; it aims at the realization of the full freedom of human beings, and takes the enhancement of human capabilities as a means.It is of great significance to pay attention to the achievements in all aspects of human life and the improvement of human rights.Health and longevity, knowledge, and the ability to lead a decent life are the three most fundamental aspects of human development that concern human life, as well as the choices in other areas that people value highly.Human development thinks that economic growth is only a means of development, and the goal of development is the improvement of human ability, the expansion of choice scope and the ultimate realization of freedom.In this way, what it seeks is the transformation from economic growth to human development.Development should benefit all people and equitably enjoy the opportunities for development.The fight against poverty therefore becomes a priority in improving development strategies, providing equitable development opportunities for all to enable them to achieve full and comprehensive development.Cultural diversity is regarded as the premise of cultural freedom from the perspective of freedom, and the value of cultural diversity is judged by cultural freedom.Cultural freedom is an important part of human rights, human development can promote the realization of cultural rights.For development, cultural freedom means the non-homogeneity of development.Focusing on the most basic aspects of human life, the combination of qualitative and quantitative, and openness are the main evaluation principles of human development.The Human Development Index (HDI) has its advantages, but it has also caused some controversy.This paper holds that the evaluation of human development should also have more extensive evaluation methods, including paying attention to the rich connotation and political significance of the human development strategy itself.Choice, freedom and ability are the core concepts of human development. These three core concepts are closely related and form the basis of the theoretical analysis framework of human development.The purpose-means analysis and the evaluation-mechanism analysis are two basic analytical methods of this theory.Finally, this paper suggests that, while paying attention to the specific problems in all aspects of our country's development, we should also draw lessons from the theories and methods of human development, and pay close attention to the urgent and fundamental problems of our development, so as to enrich our development theory.To guide our development practice.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：C0

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