社会支持对失独者生命意义感的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 22:02

本文选题：失独者 + 社会支持　；参考：《上海师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：生命意义感指人们在经历人生事件中获得意义的感受程度,它能够使个体感悟到生活的价值和方向,并且作为一种目标指引个体寻找存在感和价值感。对于失独者们而言,丧子之痛已经让他们失去生活希望和目标,并且出现绝望,原有的生命意义遭到瓦解,重构生命意义感对于失独者的身心发展以及未来社会适应能力的形成均有非常重要的影响。大量研究表明,无论出于什么样的文化环境,社会支持与生命意义感有着紧密联系,作为生命意义感的环境变量,良好的社会支持能够对应激状态下的个体提供保护,对维持良好的情绪具有重要意义。本研究通过探讨失独者社会支持与生命意义的关系,全面具体的分析社会支持对失独者“走出”困境的作用,为这些特殊群体提供支持和扶助,重构他们的生命意义,使失独者能够更好地生存与发展。本研究对318位上海市失独者进行了问卷调查,经过整理分析所收集的数据,主要得到以下结论:(1)大部分失独者的社会支持主体来源于非正式支持,社会支持内容主要集中在情绪性支持;(2)失独者的社会支持与年龄、就业状况、健康状况、孩子去世年限存在显著差异;(3)大部分失独者的生命意义感处于中等水平。虽然现在失独者情绪波动大,生活负担重,身体状况欠佳,但是失独者依旧具有追求生命意义的意志、对生命抱着负责的态度,认可自己的人生观、价值观,生命意义感,依旧能坚强勇敢的活下去;(4)失独者的生命意义感与性别、健康状况、孩子去世年限、孩子去世原因,四个变量都有显著差异性,其中男性失独者生命意义感强于女性失独者;健康状态好的失独者生命意义感最强,健康状态很差的生命意义感最弱;孩子去世30-40年的失独者生命意义感最强,去世年限在10年内的生命意义感最弱;孩子由于患病死亡的失独者生命意义感最强,孩子由于交通事故和意外事故死亡的失独者生命意义感较弱。(5)失独者的生命意义感与社会支持的内容和主体呈显著正相关,社会支持越多,失独者的生命意义感越强;(6)社会支持是生命意义感预测变量,社会支持中正式支持、非正式支持和情感性支持是最重要的因素,三者对失独者生命意义感感受程度起到重要的影响。
[Abstract]:The sense of meaning of life refers to the degree to which people get meaning in the experience of life events. It can make the individual realize the value and direction of life, and as a goal guide the individual to find the sense of existence and value. For those who have lost their independence, the loss of their children has deprived them of hope and purpose in life, and there has been despair, and the original meaning of life has been disintegrated. Reconstructing the sense of meaning of life has a very important influence on the development of body and mind and the formation of the ability of adaptation to society in the future. A large number of studies have shown that, no matter what kind of cultural environment, social support is closely related to the sense of meaning of life. As an environmental variable of sense of meaning of life, good social support can provide protection to individuals under stress. It is important to maintain good mood. By exploring the relationship between the social support and the meaning of life of the disenfranchised, this study comprehensively and concretely analyzes the role of the social support in "getting out of the dilemma" of the disenfranchised, providing support and assistance to these special groups, and reconstructing their meaning of life. To enable the independence of the better survival and development. In this study, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 318 people who lost independence in Shanghai, and the data collected were analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the majority of the social support subjects of those who have lost independence come from informal support. The content of social support mainly focuses on emotional support. (2) there are significant differences in social support and age, employment status, health status, children's death years among the disabling people. 3) the sense of life significance of most of the disabling people is at the middle level. Although the loss of independence has a large emotional fluctuation, heavy burden in life and poor physical condition, they still have the will to pursue the meaning of life, have a responsible attitude towards life, and recognize their own outlook on life, values, and sense of meaning of life. (4) the sense of life meaning and gender, the health status, the years of death of the child, the cause of the child's death, and the four variables all have significant differences, among which the sense of life significance of the male who lost independence is stronger than that of the female; The sense of meaning of life is the strongest in the case of good health and the weakest in the case of poor health, the sense of meaning of life is the strongest in those who have lost independence for 30-40 years, and the sense of meaning of life is the weakest in 10 years after the death of the child. The sense of life of the child who died of illness was the strongest, and the sense of life of the child who died from traffic accident and accident was weaker. 5) the sense of life meaning of the child was positively correlated with the content and the main body of social support. The more social support, the stronger the sense of life meaning of the dispossessed. (6) Social support is the predictor of the sense of life, and formal support, informal support and emotional support are the most important factors in social support. The three factors play an important role in the sense of life significance.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C924.21;C916

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