社会排斥情境下个体人际交往倾向的实验研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 21:44

本文选题：社会排斥 + 排斥感　；参考：《陕西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：作为许多社会问题的深层根源,社会排斥长久以来备受社会学者与政策研究者的关注。近年来,越来越多的心理学研究者开始关注社会排斥与个体适应、人际行为的关系。然而,对于社会排斥是会激发个体积极的人际行为,还是会促使个体回避人际行为,现有的研究结论间存在较大差异。本研究认为,造成差异的可能原因包括：一、以往研究中社会排斥启动方法是多样性的,其引发的社会排斥感受不同；二、以往研究中未对排斥后人际行为实施的对象进行区分,即受到排斥的个体在面对实施排斥者和未参与排斥者时,其人际行为也可能会存在差异。基于此,本研究通过创设不同的社会排斥情境,引发个体不同水平(程度)的社会排斥感受,进而考察受到不同水平(程度)排斥的个体对于实施排斥者与未实施排斥者的人际交往倾向(包括人际交往愿望与人际交往行为),及其关系的内部心理机制。首先,本研究指出,社会排斥是指个体遭到某个团体或个体的消极注意、言语拒绝或关系剥夺,致使其关系需求遭受阻碍的现象,并依据大学生活的实际编制了社会排斥情境。通过操作不同的社会排斥情境,诱发被试的社会排斥感受,最终形成两个能够激发不同程度(水平)排斥感受的排斥情境。接着,使用自编的社会排斥情境激发个体不同程度的社会排斥感受,并考察了遭受不同程度排斥的个体对于实施排斥者及未实施排斥者的人际交往倾向。最后,考察了拒绝敏感性等个体特征在社会排斥与人际交往倾向间的作用。本研究最终得出以下几方面的结论： (1)自编的社会排斥情境能够有效激发被试不同程度的排斥感受。 (2)与控制组相比,社会排斥显著降低了个体对于实施排斥者与未实施排斥者的人际交往愿望与行为,但不同程度(水平)的社会排斥引发的个体对于实施排斥者与未实施排斥者人际交往的愿望与行为无显著差异。 (3)社会排斥水平与拒绝敏感性在受排斥个体对于实施排斥者的人际交往倾向上存在显著交互作用,即拒绝敏感性不同的个体在不同的社会排斥水平上,对实施排斥者的人际交往倾向存在差异。本研究结果既有与以往研究结果一致的地方,也出现了一些新的结果,这对于社会排斥的理论研究与实践研究都有重要的意义。
[Abstract]:As the deep root of many social problems, social exclusion has long been paid attention to by sociologists and policy researchers. In recent years, more and more psychological researchers have begun to pay attention to the relationship between social exclusion and individual adaptation and interpersonal behavior. However, social exclusion will stimulate individual positive interpersonal behavior, or will promote a social exclusion. There are great differences between the existing research conclusions in avoiding the interpersonal behavior. The possible reasons for the difference are as follows: first, the social exclusion initiation methods in the previous study are diverse and the social exclusion feelings are different. Two, the previous studies have not made a distinction between the object of the implementation of the exclusion after the exclusion, that is, There may be differences in interpersonal behavior between excluded individuals and those who do not participate in rejection. Based on this, this study creates a different social exclusion situation by creating different social exclusion situations, and then examines individuals who are excluded by different levels of exclusion to the exclusion and failure. The interpersonal tendency (including interpersonal desire and interpersonal behavior) and the internal psychological mechanism of the relationship are implemented.
First, this study points out that social exclusion refers to the phenomenon that the individual's negative attention to a certain group or individual, the refusal of speech or the deprivation of the relationship, resulting in the hindrance of their relationship, and the social exclusion situation based on the reality of college life. Two rejection situations can be formed to stimulate the rejection of different degrees. Then, the self compiled social exclusion situation is used to stimulate the individual's social rejection feelings to varying degrees, and to examine the interpersonal tendency of individuals who suffer from different degrees of exclusion to the rejection and the non rejection. Finally, the rejection sensitivity is examined. The role of individual characteristics in social exclusion and interpersonal tendencies.
This study finally draws the following conclusions:
(1) self compiled social exclusion situations can effectively stimulate subjects' rejection feelings.
(2) compared with the control group, social exclusion significantly reduced the individual's interpersonal desire and behavior for the repulsive and non excluded individuals, but the individuals with different levels of social exclusion had no significant differences in the desire and behavior of the individuals who had implemented the rejection and the non rejection of the rejection.
(3) there is a significant interaction between the level of social exclusion and the rejection sensitivity in the interpersonal relationship of the excluded individuals. That is, the individuals with different rejection sensitivity are different in the different levels of social exclusion.
The results of this study are not only consistent with the previous research results, but also have some new results, which are of great significance for the theoretical and practical research of social exclusion.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C912.3

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