社会工作提升农村留守儿童隔代监护人家庭教育水平的实务探索

发布时间：2018-05-30 22:23

本文选题：社会工作 + 农村留守儿童　；参考：《井冈山大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：农村留守儿童是改革开放以来,我国经济社会发展转型出现的一个特殊未成年群体,他们的父母外出谋生,终年难回,家庭教育的重担落在爷爷奶奶或外公外婆——即隔代监护人身上。家庭教育是整个教育的基础,但隔代监护人家庭教育水平普遍偏低,有效提升他们的家庭教育水平是促进农村留守儿童健康成长的迫切需要。目前学界对农村留守儿童家庭教育问题的研究主要倾向农村留守儿童,针对家庭教育实施的主体——隔代监护人的研究还很少。此外,从学科角度看,主要集中在教育学、社会学和心理学领域,作为密切关注社会问题的崭新学科——社会工作对农村留守儿童隔代监护人家庭教育水平提升的实务研究还未涉及,因此,从社会工作角度探索家庭教育水平提升问题具有重要意义。研究从江西省吉安市青原区天玉镇田村的调查展开,通过对该村隔代监护人、留守儿童、村干部等进行调查,掌握了隔代监护人开展家庭教育存在诸如溺爱孩子、观念陈旧、易忽视孩子成长等影响家庭教育水平的问题,这些问题主要是由隔代监护人家庭教育方式方法欠妥、资源利用欠佳、家庭结构失衡所致。随后,在分析社会工作介入的可行性和优势基础上,从优势视角出发,积极开展社会工作介入,先是从社区层面,以社会系统理论为指导,利用社会策划模式开展社区工作,通过发掘资源,建好志愿者队伍,开好家庭教育水平提升小课堂,建立“隔代监护人之家”专栏和微信交流学习群,激发兴趣、传授方法,帮助隔代监护人树立良好的家庭教育观;随后针对情况特殊的隔代监护人,从个人及家庭层面,以生态系统理论为指导开展个案工作,通过舒缓焦虑情绪、重建家庭结构、连接社会资源,帮助隔代监护人树立信心,提高资源利用能力,实现可持续增能。研究认为,社会工作介入农村留守儿童隔代监护人的家庭教育水平提升问题是有效的,在服务过程中,可综融社会工作方法,拓展隔代监护人家庭教育水平提升服务;充分利用社会工作技巧,助推隔代监护人家庭教育水平提升的服务专业性;发挥“社区、社工、社区志愿者”的联动作用,共同促进隔代监护人家庭教育水平提升。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the rural left-behind children are a special underage group emerging from the transformation of our country's economic and social development. Their parents go out to earn a living and are unable to return all year round. The burden of family education falls on grandparents or grandparents-that is, alternate guardians. Family education is the basis of the whole education, but the level of family education of the next generation of guardians is generally low. It is urgent to promote the healthy growth of left-behind children in rural areas by effectively improving their family education level. At present, the academic research on the family education of rural left-behind children mainly inclines to rural left-behind children. In addition, from a disciplinary point of view, it is mainly concentrated in the fields of pedagogy, sociology and psychology, As a new discipline that pays close attention to social problems, social work has not been involved in the practical research on the improvement of the level of family education of left-behind children in rural areas. It is of great significance to explore the promotion of family education from the angle of social work. Based on the investigation of Tian Village of Tianyu Town in Qingyuan District of Ji'an City, Jiangxi Province, through the investigation of alternate guardians, left-behind children and village cadres in this village, the author grasps that there are many problems in the family education of alternate guardians such as spoiling children and outdated ideas. It is easy to ignore the problems that affect the level of family education, such as the growth of children. These problems are mainly caused by inadequate methods of family education by alternate guardians, poor utilization of resources and imbalance of family structure. Then, on the basis of analyzing the feasibility and advantage of social work intervention, and from the perspective of superiority, we actively carry out social work intervention, first from the community level, guided by the social system theory, using the social planning model to carry out community work. By excavating resources, building up volunteer teams, opening small classrooms to raise the level of family education, setting up the "House of guardians of alternate generations" column and WeChat exchange learning group, stimulating interest and teaching methods, To help intergenerational guardians establish a good concept of family education; then to develop individual case work at the individual and family level, guided by ecosystem theory, to rebuild the family structure by relieving anxiety and reconstructing the family structure. Connect social resources, help guardians to build confidence, improve the ability to use resources to achieve sustainable energy. It is considered that social work is effective in improving the level of family education of children left behind in rural areas. In the process of service, it is possible to integrate social work methods and expand the service of raising the level of family education of surrogate guardians. To make full use of social work skills, to promote the professional service of raising the level of family education of guardians on behalf of other generations, and to bring into play the linkage role of "community, social workers and community volunteers" to jointly promote the level of family education of guardians on behalf of alternate generations.
【学位授予单位】：井冈山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C916;C913.5

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