城市老年人日常购物活动出行行为机理研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 13:18

本文选题：城市老年人 + 购物活动　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：日常购物是城市老年人满足基本生活需要的一类重要活动,由于老年人身体机能迅速减退的自然现象和个体间的显著差异,在购物活动中能否克服各种出行阻碍,成为制约购物动机实现的关键因素之一,对养老生活质量、个人尊严、家庭关系乃至社会和谐都有非常重要的影响。为了探究影响日常购物出行行为的主要因素、途径和强度,研究城市老年人日常生活的“购物意愿-出行阻碍-出行行为”诸多敏感特征变量间的交互作用机理。在53份昆明城市老年人质性访谈分析基础上,发现城市老年人日常的集市购物和超市购物两类活动出行具有相互独立性的迹象,因而设想这是两类出行行为总体。以卢因行为模型为指导理论,借鉴消费行为学、老年心理学的研究成果,结合缜密的思维,采用结构方程模型分析方法,剖析购物出行行为机理研究所需潜变量关系以及观测变量,设计调查方案。针对老年人的特殊性,借鉴日常生活活动能力研究范式,引入“购物出行行为能力”潜变量及其观测变量。根据行为地理学的原理和随机抽样的原则,独立地在综合性农贸市场做了523份和综合性超市做了512份有效的问卷调查。采用定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法,在对调查样本数据有效性检验、描述性统计分析和对比分析与论证的基础上,做出城市老年人的超市购物出行行为和集市购物出行行为具有两种不同行为机理的原假设。采用结构方程模型建模方法,分别构建老年人两类购物“活动-出行”行为分析的假设模型,通过参数计算,验证假设模型,为机理分析提供可信的基础。在对参数模型计算结果的有效性检验分析基础上,完整地阐述城市老年人两类购物活动出行行为机理。经过比较分析和论证,验证了老年人两类购物活动具有不同出行行为机理的真实性；通过解析“年龄”因子对购物出行行为和购物活动特征间接影响的总效应,验证了城市老年人“购物出行行为能力”特征变量在机理分析中具有更重要的直接影响效应。在观测变量影响效应分析的基础上,进一步探讨了“购物出行行为能力”三个观测变量与“年龄”因子的关系。通过反复实验和对比分析,讨论了“购物出行行为能力”三个观测变量在老年人不同年龄阶段之间出现的变异性；讨论了变异度指标呈现出在低龄(约60～69岁)老年人群和高龄(约80岁以上)老年人群中具有一定程度的稳定性,而在中等年龄(约70～79岁)老年人群中呈现出不稳定的特征。研究表明,城市老年人集市购物活动与超市购物活动的出行行为特征显著不同,行为机理也不同。城市老年人的“购物出行行为能力”特征变量对日常购物活动出行行为具有直接和显著的影响,“年龄”因子只具有间接和较弱的影响。研究还提出了“购物出行行为能力”特征变量在老年人不同年龄阶段之间具有显著的变异性,而在各年龄段内变异度指标则具有不同的稳定性特征,以及“购物出行行为能力”与“年龄”因子可能具有关联性的证据。
[Abstract]:Daily shopping is a kind of important activity for the old people to meet the basic needs of life. Because of the natural phenomenon of rapid deterioration of the physical function of the elderly and the significant differences among individuals, it is one of the key factors that can overcome the various travel obstacles in the shopping activities, and it is one of the key factors restricting the realization of shopping motivation, and the quality of life, personal dignity and home for the elderly. In order to explore the main factors affecting the daily shopping trip behavior, the way and the intensity are used to study the interaction mechanism between the sensitive characteristic variables of the "shopping will - Travel hindrance - travel behavior" of the daily life of the city old people. In 53 Kunming urban elderly hostage interviews On the basis of the analysis, it is found that the two kinds of activities of the city old people's daily market shopping and supermarket shopping have the mutual independence. Therefore, it is conceived that this is the two type of travel behavior as a whole. Taking the behavior model of the cause of reason, using the consumption behavior, the research results of the elderly psychology, combining the careful thinking, the structure Fang Chengmo is adopted. Based on the principle of behavioral geography and the original of random sampling, the potential variables and observation variables needed for the study of shopping trip behavior mechanism were analyzed. On the other hand, 512 effective questionnaires were made in 523 and comprehensive supermarkets in the comprehensive agricultural market. The method of combining qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis was adopted to make the shopping trip behavior of the supermarket for the elderly on the basis of the test of the validity of the sample data, the descriptive statistics analysis and the comparison analysis and demonstration. And the shopping trip behavior of the market has two original assumptions of different behavior mechanisms. By using the model modeling method of structural equation modeling, the hypothesis model of "activity trip" behavior analysis of two kinds of shopping for the elderly is constructed respectively. The hypothesis model is verified by the parameters calculation, which provides a credible basis for the mechanism analysis. On the basis of effectiveness test and analysis, a complete exposition of the behavior mechanism of two types of shopping activities for urban elderly is made. After a comparative analysis and demonstration, the authenticity of the two types of shopping activities of the elderly is verified and the overall effect of the indirect influence of "age" factor on the shopping trip and shopping activities is analyzed. It is proved that the characteristic variables of "shopping trip behavior ability" have more important direct effect on the mechanism analysis. On the basis of the analysis of the influence effect of observation variables, the relationship between the three observation variables of "shopping travel behavior ability" and the age factor is further discussed. The variability of the three observation variables of "shopping travel behavior ability" was discussed in the elderly, and the variability index showed a certain degree of stability in the elderly (about 60~69 years old) and older people (about 80 years old), while at the middle age (about 70~79 years old). The study shows that the urban elderly people's shopping activities are significantly different from the shopping activities of the supermarket, and the behavior mechanism is different. The characteristic variables of the "shopping travel behavior ability" of the urban elderly have a direct and significant influence on the daily shopping activities, and the "age" is the cause. The study also suggests that the characteristic variables of "shopping trip behavior ability" have significant variability between different age groups, while the variance index in each age group has different stability characteristics, and the "shopping trip behavior ability" and "age" factor may have a significant variation. Evidence of relevance.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：C913.6

【引证文献】