吉林省老年人就业状况及其影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 00:39

本文选题：老年人 + 就业状况　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着经济社会的快速发展,我国成为世界上老年人口最多、人口老龄化速度最快的国家之一。2003年,吉林省也跨入了人口老年型省份的行列。近年来,吉林省老年人总量持续增加,比重上升,人口老龄化进程逐步加快。随着人口老龄化进程的加快,带来了一系列的社会问题,诸如养老负担加重、劳动力短缺、社会福利危机以及老年人的养老保障需求亟待满足等等,而推进老年人就业是应对人口老龄化的重要途径。本文立足于吉林省老年人就业的现实状况,对吉林省老年人就业的现状、特点、影响因素、存在的突出问题及相应对策进行全面、深入地分析。全文共分为五个章节:第一章是绪论部分,对本研究的背景及意义,研究的方法及思路,研究的创新点及不足之处进行介绍。第二章是理论及文献综述部分,理清了人口老龄化、就业、老年人就业以及经济活动人口等概念之后,对马斯洛需求层次理论、人力资源理论和就业理论进行了深入解析,为后文的研究打下了理论基础。同时,对国内外主要学者对人口老龄化、老年人就业及其影响因素等的研究情况进行了综述分析,对本文的研究也有着重要的指导意义。第三章是对吉林省老年人就业状况的分析,首先对吉林省老年人口的特征进行描述,然后对吉林省老年人的就业现状及其特点进行分析。吉林省老年人口有着数量和比重快速增加、城乡老龄化程度均较高及养老负担重等发展特征,也有着大部分老年人与家庭成员共同生活、主要生活来源为离退休金和家庭成员供养以及健康状况良好等生活特征。并根据现实数据从基本状况、收入水平、受教育程度、劳动强度、职业分布、失业原因、省际比较等方面对吉林省老年人的就业状况进行描述性统计分析。第四章是对吉林省老年人就业影响因素的分析,采用第四次中国城乡老年人生活状况抽样调查中吉林省的数据,利用二元Logistic回归分析从个人特征、社会特征和经济特征三个层面对吉林省老年人就业的影响因素进行定量分析,结果显示吉林省老年人就业状况受到老年人性别、年龄、健康状况、文化程度、是否办理了离退休手续、和老伴有没有存一笔养老钱以及家庭总收入和总支出等因素的显著影响。第五章是进行总结,并基于此提出了相应的对策和建议。吉林省老年人就业存在着思想观念落后、政府及社会层面的支持不足、老年劳动力质量和利用效率不佳等突出问题。在未来发展过程中,吉林省要以政府为主导,加强法制建设,着力为老年人就业建立服务平台;以社会为基础,鼓励企业创新老年人就业岗位和方式;以个人为主体,全面提高自身综合素质等方面全面推动老年人就业持续、健康、快速地发展。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of the economy and society, China has become one of the most elderly people in the world with the fastest aging of the population in.2003. In recent years, Jilin province has also entered the ranks of the aged provinces. In recent years, the total amount of the elderly in Jilin has been increasing, the proportion of the population is rising, the aging process of the population is gradually accelerating. With the aging process of population, the population is aging. The acceleration has brought about a series of social problems, such as the aggravation of the burden of the aged, the shortage of labor force, the social welfare crisis and the demand for the old-age security of the elderly, and so on, and the promotion of the employment of the elderly is an important way to cope with the aging of the population. This article is based on the actual situation of the employment of the elderly in Jilin province and the elderly in Jilin province. The present situation, characteristics, influential factors, existing problems and corresponding countermeasures are comprehensively and deeply analyzed. The full text is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is the introduction part, the background and significance of the study, the methods and ideas of the research, the innovation and shortcomings of the research. The second chapter is the theory and literature review part, After clearing the concepts of population aging, employment, employment of the elderly and the population of economic activities, this paper makes a thorough analysis of Maslow's theory of demand level, human resources theory and employment theory, which lays a theoretical foundation for the study of the latter. At the same time, the main scholars at home and abroad are concerned about the aging of the population, the employment of the elderly and the influencing factors, etc. The research situation is summarized and analyzed. The third chapter is the analysis of the employment status of the elderly in Jilin province. First, the characteristics of the elderly in Jilin province are described, and then the employment status and characteristics of the elderly in Jilin province are analyzed. The number and proportion of the elderly population in Jilin Province are in quantity and proportion. The rapid growth, the high degree of aging in urban and rural areas and the heavy burden of the aged, and the common life of the majority of the elderly and family members. The main source of life is from the pension and family members and good health conditions. According to the actual data, the basic situation, the income level, the education level, and the labor are from the actual data. Intensity, occupational distribution, unemployment reasons, inter provincial comparison and other aspects of the employment status of the elderly in Jilin province to carry out a descriptive statistical analysis. The fourth chapter is the analysis of the influencing factors of the employment of the elderly in Jilin Province, using the data of Jilin Province in the sampling survey of the living conditions of the fourth Chinese urban and rural elderly, and using two yuan Logistic regression analysis from the analysis A quantitative analysis of the factors affecting the employment of the elderly in Jilin Province in three layers: human characteristics, social characteristics and economic characteristics. The results show that the employment status of the elderly in Jilin is subject to the gender, age, health status, and education level. The fifth chapter makes a summary and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions based on this. The employment of the elderly in Jilin is backward in ideas and ideas, the support of the government and the social level is insufficient, the quality of the old labor force and the efficiency of utilization are not good. In the process of future development, the government of Jilin should take the government as the government. We should strengthen the construction of the legal system and set up a service platform for the employment of the elderly. On the basis of the society, we encourage enterprises to innovate the jobs and ways of the elderly, and take the individual as the main body and improve their comprehensive quality in an all-round way to promote the employment of the elderly, healthy and rapid development.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.6;C913.2

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