我国农村社会资本与贫困代际传递研究

发布时间：2018-06-19 23:05

本文选题：农村 + 社会资本　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：贫困问题是困扰经济发展和社会进步的一个重要问题。中国作为一个发展中国家,贫困人口数量大,分布广、贫困程度深在很长一段时间内困扰着我国的整体发展。扶贫工作一直是我国推进社会发展,维护社会稳定一个重要战略。我国农村人口占总人口的一半以上,而农村贫困人口占贫困总人口的90%甚至更多,所以农村的扶贫减贫工作关系到我国扶贫工作的整体进程。自从二十世纪八十年代以来,三十多年的时间,随着扶贫工作的推进,我国的扶贫标准不断的提高,农村的贫困人口的规模逐渐缩小。我国农村的扶贫开发工作取得了巨大的成就。贫困的代际传递是父辈贫困通过综合性的原因造成其子女陷入贫困的一种现象,表现为贫困的境遇从父辈向子女传递。贫困的代际传递是贫困问题产生和发展延续的一个重要的影响因素,也是贫困地区陷入贫困恶性循环,反复返贫的一个重要的诱因。所以遏制贫困的代际传递对于扶贫助困工作具有重要的意义,也有助于破解贫困恶性循环,防止脱贫人口再度返贫。贫困代际传递现象受到许多学者的关注,他们从不同的方面对贫困代际传递进行分析,试图阐释贫困代际传递的原因,从而形成一系列的贫困代际传递的理论。在一定程度上影响了许多地区扶贫政策的制定。社会资本理论从20世纪70-80年代在西方兴起,90年代以后该理论逐渐被经济学、社会学以及政治学等学科关注,并成为多个学科共同关注的热点和前沿问题。国内学术界也从经济、政治和文化等各个领域出发,对本土化的社会资本及其理论作了一些探讨性的研究,并取得了丰硕的成果。社会资本的分析框架符合中国社会看重人情的大背景,是一个很好的分析工具。社会资本理论的提出为我们研究和透视社会经济问题提供了一个崭新的视角。而社会资本理论用于贫困问题的研究是近几年社会科学理论发展的一种新视角和新尝试,并日益引起国内外学者的关注。从社会资本的角度对贫困代际传递问题进行分析有助于理清贫困的恶性循环的实质,对于调整扶贫战略,促进公平公正的制度设计和政策安排,保障贫困者及其子女的社会的发展机会以及各项社会权利,构建社会主义和谐社会都有着重要意义。
[Abstract]:Poverty is an important problem that puzzles economic development and social progress. As a developing country, China has a large number of poor people and a wide distribution, and the degree of poverty has been perplexing the whole development of our country for a long time. Poverty alleviation has been an important strategy to promote social development and maintain social stability. The rural population in China accounts for more than half of the total population, while the rural poor population accounts for 90% or more of the total poor population, so the work of poverty alleviation in rural areas is related to the overall process of poverty alleviation in China. Since the eighties of the 20th century, more than 30 years, with the promotion of poverty alleviation work, the standard of poverty alleviation in China has been continuously improved, and the scale of the poor population in rural areas has been gradually reduced. Great achievements have been made in the work of poverty alleviation and development in rural areas of China. The intergenerational transmission of poverty is a phenomenon that causes the children to fall into poverty because of the comprehensive causes of the parents' poverty, which is manifested in the transmission of the poverty situation from the parents to the children. The intergenerational transmission of poverty is an important influence factor for the generation and development of poverty, and it is also an important inducement for poverty-stricken areas to fall into a vicious circle of poverty and return to poverty again and again. Therefore, curbing the intergenerational transmission of poverty is of great significance to the work of helping the poor, helping to break the vicious circle of poverty and preventing the poverty-stricken population from returning to poverty again. Many scholars pay attention to the phenomenon of poverty intergenerational transmission. They analyze the poverty intergenerational transmission from different aspects and try to explain the causes of poverty intergenerational transmission, thus forming a series of theories of poverty intergenerational transmission. To some extent, it affects the formulation of poverty alleviation policies in many areas. The theory of social capital has been paid more and more attention by economics, sociology and political science since its rise in the West in the 1970s and 1980s. From the economic, political and cultural fields, the domestic academic circles have also made some exploratory studies on the localization of social capital and its theory, and have achieved fruitful results. The analytical framework of social capital accords with the background that Chinese society values human feelings and is a good analytical tool. The theory of social capital provides a new perspective for us to study and perspective social and economic problems. The research of social capital theory used in poverty is a new angle of view and a new attempt in the development of social science theory in recent years, and has increasingly attracted the attention of scholars at home and abroad. From the perspective of social capital, an analysis of the problem of intergenerational poverty transmission can help to clarify the essence of the vicious circle of poverty, and to adjust poverty reduction strategies and promote fair and equitable institutional design and policy arrangements. It is of great significance to protect the social development opportunities and social rights of the poor and their children and to build a harmonious socialist society.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C912.82

【引证文献】