马克思市民社会理论的历史演进

发布时间：2018-06-20 17:37

本文选题：马克思 + 市民社会　；参考：《东北大学》2011年硕士论文

【摘要】：当代社会发展的新变化和新动向使市民社会理论成为学术界研究的热点。马克思始终站在历史和社会现实的基础上,以实践批判的视角,从人类解放的高度对市民社会进行了精辟的分析。他的市民社会理论更是引起了研究者的关注。马克思市民社会理论的历史演变与其历史唯物主义有一个共生过程。他通过从政治哲学到政治经济学视角转换,把市民社会描述为：市民社会是物质生活关系的总和,它构成国家和历史的基础,它以经济生活为主要内容并独立于国家的社会生活领域；市民社会的主体不仅包括个人,还包括各种社会组织、社会等级、社会阶层等；通过对资本主义社会的分析,他看到了市民社会的局限和矛盾,并指出通过无产阶级革命的途径,市民社会最终将从国家手中收回属于自己的全部权力,从而实现对自身的超越和扬弃,走向共产主义。本文通过系统阐述马克思市民社会思想的演进过程,揭示了马克思市民社会思想的对当代中国社会发展的意义。文章共分三个主要框架。第一部分：从国家与市民社会的关系入手,探寻马克思市民社会思想的理论渊源；第二部分：以马克思不同时期的著作为逻辑线索,论述马克思市民社会思想的孕育、形成、发展以及成熟阶段,揭示其演进轨迹；第三部分：简述马克思市民社会思想的现实社会意义。马克思以唯物主义的基本立场剖析市民社会的结构和本质矛盾,把市民社会的物质生产实践作为全部历史之基础,使哲学思辨终止于现实生活面前,实现了作为“历史科学”的唯物史观之创建。
[Abstract]:The new changes and new trends of contemporary social development make the theory of civil society a hot spot in academic circles. Marx always stood on the basis of history and social reality, from the perspective of practical criticism, from the height of human liberation, the civil society has been incisively analyzed. His theory of civil society has attracted the attention of researchers. The historical evolution of Marx's civil society theory and its historical materialism have a symbiotic process. From the perspective of political philosophy to political economy, he described the civil society as the sum total of the relationship between material life and life, which formed the foundation of the country and history. It takes economic life as its main content and is independent of the social life of the country; the main body of civil society includes not only individuals, but also various social organizations, social hierarchies, social strata, etc. Through the analysis of capitalist society, He saw the limitations and contradictions of the civil society, and pointed out that through the proletarian revolution, the civil society would eventually recover all its own power from the hands of the state, thus realizing the transcendence and sublation of itself and moving towards communism. This paper systematically expounds the evolution process of Marx's civil society thought, and reveals the significance of Marx's civil society thought to the development of contemporary Chinese society. The article is divided into three main frameworks. The first part: starting from the relationship between the state and the civil society, the author explores the theoretical origin of Marx's civil society thought, and the second part discusses the gestation and formation of Marx's civil society thought, taking Marx's works of different periods as logical clues. The third part: the realistic social significance of Marx's civil society thought. Marx analyzed the structure and essential contradiction of civil society from the basic standpoint of materialism, took the material production practice of civil society as the basis of the whole history, and made philosophical speculation stop in front of the real life. Realized the creation of historical materialism as "historical science".
【学位授予单位】：东北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C912.8

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