社会转型与性别：对传统和现代斯里兰卡女性的一项社会文化研究—特别参考了民间传说和文献

发布时间：2018-06-24 02:45

  本文选题：性别 + 不平等　； 参考：《华中师范大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：学术界的性别研究不是一个新的概念,而是女权主义者为改善性别不平等做出的努力的延续。概括来说,导致性别不平等的因素包括社会化过程,社会在性别方面的规范、价值观和期望等的内化。因此,研究认为性别不平等是文化的产物。本研究的目的是了解古代和现代斯里兰卡性别不平等的本质和范围,并分开城市和乡村两方面来讨论。本研究有两个侧重点,一个是通过历史重构理论探讨民间传说以及文献里的神话和传奇故事等,另一个是通过150个深度采访、案例研究以及观察,通过性别理论的实证研究来进行探讨。本研究发现,斯里兰卡性别不平等的原因主要包括,由于传统习俗和宗教信仰的影响,女性的地位被固化了;家庭是女性受压迫的主要源头之一,男性通过让女性免费干家务来剥削女性,包括在城市和农村地区,导致家务在男性以及很多女性看来都是“女人的工作”,进而使年轻女性感到自己不如男性,这是社会化的过程,从家庭中就已开始。此外男女薪酬的不平等也是歧视的一种表现。技术和职业教育方面也存在着男女的不平等,强奸、性虐待、性骚扰以及家庭暴力的发生率仍然居高不下。在斯里兰卡的战后时期,杀人犯罪率降低了 3.47%,但是强奸犯罪率却上升了9.18%,这意味着每10万人中增加了2.33人。事实上,由于女性易受侵害,强奸犯罪已经成了一个社会问题。最后,本研究建议有必要增加女性在发展规划、政策制定以及顶层决策中的直接和间接的参与。只要人们意识到社会发展需要更加的公平和以人为本,决策者们就应该承认女性在社会发展和管理中的重要角色,并采取必要的措施给女性赋权。
[Abstract]:Academic gender research is not a new concept, but a continuation of feminist efforts to improve gender inequality. Generally speaking, the factors that lead to gender inequality include socialization process, gender norms, values and expectations. Therefore, the study believes that gender inequality is the product of culture. The purpose of this study is to understand the nature and scope of gender inequality in ancient and modern Sri Lanka and to discuss it separately from rural and urban aspects. There are two main points in this study. One is to discuss folklore and myths and legends in the literature through the theory of historical reconstruction, the other is through 150 in-depth interviews, case studies and observations. Through the gender theory of empirical research to explore. The study found that the main causes of gender inequality in Sri Lanka include the solidification of women's status as a result of traditional customs and religious beliefs, and the fact that the family is one of the main sources of oppression for women. Men exploit women by letting them do housework for free, both in urban and rural areas, leading to what men and many women see as "women's jobs", making young women feel inferior to men. This is the process of socialization, which begins in the family. In addition, gender pay inequality is also a manifestation of discrimination. There are also gender inequalities in technical and vocational education, and the incidence of rape, sexual abuse, sexual harassment and domestic violence remains high. In Sri Lanka's post-war period, homicide rates fell by 3.47 percent, but rape rates rose by 9.18, meaning an increase of 2.33 per 100000. In fact, the crime of rape has become a social problem due to the vulnerability of women. Finally, the study suggests the need to increase the direct and indirect participation of women in development planning, policy making, and top-level decision-making. As long as people realize that social development needs to be more equitable and people-oriented, policy makers should recognize the important role of women in social development and management and take necessary measures to empower women.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.68
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本文编号：2059641