刘向《新序》社会思想研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 01:46

本文选题：人治 + 明君　；参考：《重庆师范大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：刘向是中国历史上著名的目录学家、文学家、历史家和思想家。面对西汉中后期的皇权旁落、贤良之臣不被重用、人民生活日益困苦等社会现实,刘向以著述之名行进谏之实,编撰了《新序》一书。《新序》是现存刘向所编撰的最早的一部作品,此书涉及了西汉中后期以前的大量史实与故事,内容涵盖了政治、经济、伦理等社会生活的各个方面。然而一般的研究者,多从目录学、文学等角度把它与刘向另外的两本书《说苑》《列女传》等同起来一起研究分析,即使是单独提到《新序》一书,也是多偏向于其政治、人文思想,很少对此书的社会思想进行较为系统的分析探讨。因此本文力从利用历史学、哲学、社会学、政治学多学科相结合的分析方法,通过分析君主、臣子,社会风气,伦理上的忠孝、等级礼教等论证个体与政治统治、人治与社会运行的有效机制、社会批判、理想社会秩序等方面来系统阐释此书的社会思想。本书第一章主要是介绍此论文研究的目的、主要内容和已有的研究成果。第二章主要交代刘向《新序》社会思想产生的主要背景,认为其社会思想的产生与西汉中后期的政治现实,思想风气及刘向自身的家世、学术、政治生涯等密切相关。第三章主要阐述刘向《新序》的社会批判思想,刘向着力批判了历史上的昏君、权臣弄权以及社会奢侈之风,期以引起当代之人的警戒。第四章本论文着墨最多的章节,因为本人认为刘向《新序》的社会思想反映了求治去乱是社会运行的终极目标,在社会运行中是起关键作用的人,尤其是上层统治者君主和臣子。在实现求治去乱的目标的过程中,君主居于主导地位,臣子居于重要的辅助地位。君主和臣子应上下一心,采取有效措施致力于求治去乱的目标。第四章主要论述刘向《新序》的理想社会秩序,他期望能构建一个君明臣贤、政治清明、社会温馨稳定又等级有序的和谐社会。刘向的这些社会思想在当今仍然具有很大的积极意义,我们应该联系当代社会现实,以古鉴今。
[Abstract]:Liu Xiang is a famous bibliographer, writer, historian and thinker in Chinese history. In the face of social realities such as the fall of imperial power in the middle and late period of the Western Han Dynasty, the good ministers were not reused, and the people's daily life was becoming increasingly difficult, Liu Xiang, in the name of his writings, acted to remonstrate. The book is one of the earliest works compiled by Liu Xiang, which involves a large number of historical facts and stories before the middle and late Han Dynasty, covering all aspects of social life, such as politics, economy, ethics and so on. However, most researchers, from the perspectives of bibliography and literature, equate it with Liu Xiang's other two books, "Shuiyuan", "Biography of Women", and study and analyze them together. Even if they mention the book "New Preface" separately, they tend to favor their politics. The humanistic thought, seldom carries on the more systematic analysis to this book social thought. Therefore, this paper tries to demonstrate individual and political rule through the analysis of monarchs, subjects, social ethos, ethical loyalty and filial piety, hierarchical ethics and so on, using the methods of combining history, philosophy, sociology and political science, and analyzing the monarch, subjects, social atmosphere, ethical loyalty and filial piety, hierarchical ethics and so on. The effective mechanism of the rule of man and social operation, social criticism, ideal social order and other aspects to systematically explain the book's social thought. The first chapter of this book mainly introduces the purpose, main content and existing research results of this paper. The second chapter mainly explains the main background of Liu Xiang's social thought, and thinks that his social thought is closely related to the political reality, ideological atmosphere and his own family background, academic and political career in the middle and late Han Dynasty. The third chapter mainly elaborates Liu Xiang's social criticism thought in "the New Preface". Liu Xiang makes great efforts to criticize the historical fainting monarch, the power and the social luxury wind, in order to arouse the guard of the contemporary people. The fourth chapter of this paper is the most important chapter, because I think that Liu Xiang's social thought reflects the ultimate goal of social operation and plays a key role in the social operation. Especially the upper rulers, the monarchs and the subjects. In the process of achieving the goal of seeking cure from chaos, the monarch is in the dominant position and the subject is in the important auxiliary position. Monarchs and subjects should work together and take effective measures towards the goal of fighting chaos. The fourth chapter mainly discusses the ideal social order of Liu Xiang's "New Preface". He hopes to build a harmonious society with good political integrity, warm and stable society and orderly hierarchy. These social thoughts of Liu Xiang are still of great positive significance at present. We should learn from the past and the present by connecting with the contemporary social reality.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：C91-092

【参考文献】