社会工作对自闭症家庭的干预研究

发布时间：2018-07-06 12:40

本文选题：自闭症儿童 + 家庭支持　；参考：《兰州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究表明自闭症儿童的康复过程与其所在家庭结构的稳定性、成员的敏感性及成员的心理承受能力有着直接的关联,来自于家庭的正面支持对于自闭症儿童的康复有着极其重要的促进和帮助作用。家庭作为个人与社会的纽带,其基本功能在于满足个人的心理、生理及社会等各方面的需求,表现在维持家庭的完整性与良好的纽带作用,完成好社会赋予家庭的角色定位。但是,家庭对于正面支持方式的习得并非一个简单的过程,专业的技巧和工具在引导自闭症家庭正向支持功能的开发中占据重要地位。在自闭症儿童的家庭干预中,生态系统理论和社会支持理论两大理论模式是本研究的重要理论依托,将家庭这个部分置于一个大的系统整体中,探索家庭与其他外界个体及组织的互动关系与影响,同时也聚焦于家庭内部稳定和结构的研究,以此来探究自闭症儿童家庭如何在社会工作的专业干预中,主动运用社会资源,包括正式的和非正式的社会网络资源来帮助自己及自闭症儿童来解决问题,满足需要,提升自闭症儿童及其家庭的能力。家庭是影响个人的一个重要因素,对于缺乏与外界互动能力的自闭症儿童群体更是如此。健康的家庭环境能够有效的改善自闭症儿童的互动、沟通能力,并有效的提升其与外界建立关系的意识与能力。在社会工作实务中,要自闭症儿童群体或其家庭依靠其自身能力去争取正式的社会支持、组织非正式的社会支持网络是很困难的,由其自主去意识家庭中存在的问题以及寻找解决问题的途径也是几乎很难实现的。因此,社会工作者在这个领域依据生态系统理论、社会支持理论,从自闭症儿童主体及其重要环境入手,尤其是家庭支持这一部分上,帮助自闭症家庭评估、分析家庭中存在的不利于自闭症儿童康复的因素与特征,引导自闭症家庭正确的解决问题,完善家庭功能,走出自闭,给予自闭症儿童一个健康的家庭康复环境。本研究着重于探讨自闭症家庭的家庭支持机制,以及如何通过社会工作专业方法帮助自闭症儿童家庭建立良好的家庭支持机制。以经典理论模式为依托,通过对已有的自闭症儿童及其家庭的传统机制的分析、研究入手,跨学科、多角度的分析现存的自闭症家庭的干预机制,以期能够发现一种或多种有效的儿童自闭症家庭的社会工作专业干预机制,并对现有的不完善的模式、政策提出改进建议。
[Abstract]:Studies have shown that the rehabilitation process of autistic children is directly related to the stability of their family structure, the sensitivity of their members and their psychological tolerance. Positive support from families plays an important role in the rehabilitation of autistic children. As a link between individual and society, the basic function of family is to meet the needs of individual psychology, physiology and society, which is manifested in maintaining the integrity and good bond function of the family and completing the role orientation given to the family by society. However, the acquisition of positive support by families is not a simple process. Professional skills and tools play an important role in guiding the development of positive support functions in families with autism. In the family intervention of autistic children, the two theoretical models of ecosystem theory and social support theory are the important theoretical basis of this study, putting this part of the family in a large system as a whole. Explore the interaction and influence between family and other outside individuals and organizations, and also focus on the stability and structure of the family, so as to explore how families of autistic children actively use social resources in the professional intervention of social work. These include formal and informal social network resources to help them and autistic children solve problems, meet needs, and empower autistic children and their families. Families are an important factor for individuals, especially for autistic children who lack the ability to interact with the outside world. A healthy family environment can effectively improve the interaction and communication skills of autistic children, and effectively enhance their awareness and ability to establish relationships with the outside world. In social work practice, it is difficult to organize informal social support networks for autistic children or their families to rely on their own ability to obtain formal social support. It is almost impossible to be aware of the problems in the family and to find ways to solve them. Therefore, social workers in this field, based on ecosystem theory, social support theory, start with the subject of autistic children and their important environment, especially the part of family support, to help the assessment of autistic families. This paper analyzes the factors and characteristics that are not conducive to the rehabilitation of autistic children in the family, and guides the autistic family to solve the problems correctly, perfect the family function, step out of the autistic, and give the autistic children a healthy family rehabilitation environment. This study focuses on the family support mechanism of autistic families and how to help families with autistic children establish a good family support mechanism through social work professional methods. Based on the classical theoretical model, through the analysis of the existing traditional mechanism of autistic children and their families, the research begins with interdisciplinary and multi-angle analysis of the existing intervention mechanism of autistic families. In order to find one or more effective social work professional intervention mechanism of autistic children families, and to improve the existing imperfect model, policy suggestions.
【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：C913.5;C916

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