婚姻：女性“农转非”的独特渠道

发布时间：2018-07-25 06:38

【摘要】：以往对户籍“农转非”的研究中,发现了一个难以解释的问题：农村女性在各条农转非获取渠道都劣于农村男性的前提下,其农转非机率却并不比农村男性低,甚至在同等条件下,还高于农村男性。笔者认为,这主要是由于以往农转非研究中并没有关注到女性的另一条独特的农转非途径——婚姻,是它造成了农村女性农转非优势的增加。借鉴婚姻匹配和婚姻迁移研究中的相关理论,笔者提出,婚姻市场中的向上求偶趋势和地位交换关系是促成这一行动产生的根源,并详细阐释了这一行动背后两性间各自的交换逻辑；同时,采用2003年全国综合调查数据和1996年当代中国生活史与社会变迁数据,笔者还对这一解释机制进行了经验考证。结果发现,婚姻确实是农村女性实现农转非的一条独特途径,它显著地增加了女性的农转非优势,这一发现不但有效地回答了以往研究中无法解释的问题,也拓展了婚姻市场中的理论对中国城乡户籍流动的解释作用。
[Abstract]:In the past studies on the household registration of "agricultural conversion", there is a problem that is difficult to explain: rural women are inferior to rural men in the access to rural non-employment, but the probability of agricultural conversion is not lower than that of rural men. Even under the same conditions, it is higher than the rural male. In my opinion, this is mainly due to the fact that the previous studies on agricultural conversion did not pay attention to another unique way of rural transformation, that is, marriage, which resulted in the increase of rural women's advantage in agricultural conversion. Based on the relevant theories of marriage matching and marriage transfer, the author proposes that the upward trend of courtship and the exchange of status in marriage market are the root causes of this action. At the same time, by using the data of the 2003 National Comprehensive Survey and the data of Contemporary Chinese Life History and Social change in 1996, the author also makes an empirical study of this explanation mechanism. The results show that marriage is indeed a unique way for rural women to turn from farming to non-employment, and it significantly increases the advantages of rural women. This finding not only effectively answers the unexplained questions in previous studies, It also expands the theory of marriage market to explain the flow of urban and rural household registration in China.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.13

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