新生代农民工市民化进程中的社会排斥研究

发布时间：2018-08-05 13:37

【摘要】：当前中国正处于社会转型和产业变革的重要时期,农民工群体成为推动城镇化进程和产业发展的主力军。面对市民化现象,新生代农民工与上一代农民工相比有着明显的代际差异。新生代农民工在文化水平、自身意愿和融入能力、对未来的预期等方面与上一代农民工都有较为明显的异质性。随着新生代农民工群体的成长壮大,业已成为农民工中最具代表性和最有话语权的群体。但是由于我国在计划经济体制下形成的城乡二元结构和户籍制度的因素,对当前仍然有重大的影响,使得新生代农民工在进入城市工作、融入城市成为市民的过程中,仍然存在诸多阻碍因素,因此新生代农民工市民化问题成为了社会学学界的热点问题。本研究基于以往对新生代农民工市民化的研究,以社会排斥理论为视角,采用个案研究和参与观察相结合的方法,针对新生代农民工市民化进程中的社会排斥现象进行了讨论和分析。首先对新生代农民工的现状进行梳理与描述,诸如该群体的基本情况、乡土背景与城市适应、生活方式和社会认同等方面的剖析;认为新生代农民工较上一代农民工相比普遍接受过更高层次的教育,对于传统农耕文明和土地情节已不再深厚,对城市生活具有浓厚的兴趣,在生活方式上更加接近同龄的城市青年群体,但新生代农民工在对于身份认同有一定的分歧。其次,本研究对于新生代农民工进入城市工作生活,并且转变身份成为市民这一过程面临的排斥现象加以分析,认为新生代农民工在市民化过程中或将面对自身素质的排斥、经济排斥、社会组织排斥、社会文化排斥和政策制度的排斥等不同程度的排斥。认为新生代农民工在市民化进程中,受到自身素质不足引发的排斥因素最为普遍和明显,而政策制度由于近年来不断发展完善,对于新生代农民工市民化所造成的排斥程度最轻。最后,本研究在基于社会学视角,探讨了新生代农民工市民化面临排斥的解决途径,并对于新生代农民工的个人发展和群体发展进行了的探讨。本研究认为,应当从微观、中观、宏观三个层面着手解决新生代农民工市民化过程中面临的排斥问题,分别是从提升文化素质、培养社会环境、完善政策确保落实三个层面进行疏导的构建,以期在新生代农民工市民化过程中减少排斥的阻力,顺利完成该群体由农民工向市民的转变。
[Abstract]:At present, China is in an important period of social transformation and industrial transformation. Migrant workers have become the main force to promote the urbanization process and industrial development. In the face of the phenomenon of citizenship, the new generation of migrant workers and the previous generation of migrant workers have obvious intergenerational differences. The new generation of migrant workers have obvious heterogeneity with the previous generation of migrant workers in terms of their cultural level, their own will and their ability to integrate into the future, and their expectations for the future. With the growth of the new generation of migrant workers, it has become the most representative and the most powerful group. However, due to the dual structure of urban and rural areas and the factors of household registration system formed under the planned economy system in our country, it still has a significant impact on the current situation, which makes the new generation of migrant workers in the process of entering the city to work and integrating into the city to become a citizen. There are still many obstacles, so the new generation of migrant workers become a hot issue in sociology. This study is based on the previous study of the new generation of migrant workers, the perspective of social exclusion theory, the use of case studies and participation in the observation of the combination of the method. This paper discusses and analyzes the social exclusion of the new generation of migrant workers in the process of citizenship. First of all, the status quo of the new generation of migrant workers is combed and described, such as the basic situation of this group, local background and urban adaptation, lifestyle and social identity analysis; It is considered that the new generation of migrant workers have generally received higher education than the previous generation of migrant workers. They are no longer deep in the traditional farming civilization and the plot of the land, and have a strong interest in urban life. The life style is closer to the urban youth group of the same age, but the new generation of migrant workers have some differences on identity. Secondly, this study analyzes the exclusion of the new generation of migrant workers in the process of working and living in the city and changing their identity into citizens, and thinks that the new generation of migrant workers will face the exclusion of their own quality in the process of the urbanization. Economic exclusion, social organization exclusion, sociocultural exclusion and policy system exclusion. It is considered that the exclusion factors caused by the lack of their own quality are the most common and obvious in the process of the new generation of migrant workers, and the policy system is improved because of the continuous development in recent years. For the new generation of migrant workers citizenship caused by the least degree of exclusion. Finally, based on the sociological perspective, this study discusses the solution to the exclusion of the new generation of migrant workers, and discusses the personal development and group development of the new generation of migrant workers. This study holds that the exclusion of the new generation of migrant workers in the process of citizenship should be solved from the micro, meso and macro aspects, which are to raise the cultural quality and cultivate the social environment, respectively, in order to solve the problem of exclusion in the process of the urbanization of the new generation of migrant workers. Improve the policy to ensure the implementation of three levels of dredging construction, in order to reduce the resistance of exclusion in the process of the new generation of migrant workers in the process of citizenship, and smoothly complete the transformation from migrant workers to citizens.
【学位授予单位】：西北民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C922;C912.64

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