现代民间规则之同姓不婚的社会抉择研究

发布时间：2018-08-08 16:12

【摘要】：人类从开始的杂居、杂婚到后来的同姓不婚经历了一个漫长的历史文化过程。这个过程背后更多地代表人类不断地向文明靠近或者走向文明。由于亲情以及后代健康等多方面的影响,人们开始以为或者清楚地认识到,一家人是不能结婚的。而且这种观念不但作为一种思想,更实实在在地成为一种规则,不仅是封建时代某个官方的法律,更是一种传统的民间力量或者民间规则,其影响直到现在。同姓不婚作为一种民间规则,一直有效地影响着湘西广大农村地区。然而随着经济、现代法律制度、文化等各方面因素的不断渗入,同姓不婚在某个时期的特定绝对社会地位已不复存在。即便如此,不论是作为一种现代民间规则,还是一种观念思想,同姓不婚制度都不同层面地左右着农村地区的广大民众的行为抉择,成为衡量婚姻问题的一个不容忽视的门槛。无论是上一代的他们,还是这一代的我们,无不在边缘的思想中挣扎或挣扎着。本研究主要依托于湘西汉族农村地区存在的婚姻民间制度,分析同姓不婚存在的维系力量。主要有四个研究内容或者问题：首先,传统文化如何维系民间规则,传统在维系民间规则的过程中面临怎样的社会抉择。其次是,如何看待民间规则本身所具有的地域性特点,即地域于民间规则发挥着怎样的作用。第三是,长老在这样的小社会中发挥着怎样的角色,这样的角色如何维系民间规则。第四是,人言在农村地区的影响力。同时通过调研分析,受同姓不婚民间规则影响的人们如何做出选择,以及人们在做出选择时所面临的问题以及内心的想法。本研究结合了当前的社会背景,主要研究在特定转型期下的文化冲击下,各种传统的维系力量本身具有的挣扎痕迹的社会角色。试图更好地通过调研资料以及文献理论论述去解释清楚所要表达的自我进化与社会变迁下的挣扎。在这种大背景与小社会文化冲突之间,个人以及社会群体本身的社会抉择,也是我们考察的主要内容。文章通过分析,最后得出了自己的想法——社会抉择理念。社会抉择首先意味着,我们有得选择；其次在有选择的前提下,我们必须选择；同时我们必须承担选择所带来的抉择代价。当然社会抉择理念有一个前提预设,就是做出行为抉择的人们不一定都是理性的。完全可能是情感和传统下的行动,而且尤其是民间规则方面的抉择,体现的是思维的习惯性,行为的懒散性、思想的滞后性。然而尽管我们的行为抉择是非理性的,但是作为一种社会抉择,我们必须有足够的尊重。社会抉择理念体现的是一种挣扎,在这个挣扎的过程中,有很多的社会元素值得我们考虑,然而由于其前提的不合理性,个人抉择往往成为一种社会抉择而趋向更多的统一性。而社会抉择又成为一些人的个人抉择,受到个人抉择的深刻影响。所以对于社会抉择,不管理性与否,都必须有基本的尊重与善待,尊重挣扎下的抉择。
[Abstract]:Human beings from the inhabited, intermarried to the later surname have experienced a long historical and cultural process. This process is more representative of human beings to be closer to civilization or to civilization. Because of the influence of family and offspring health, people begin to think that the family can not be married. And this idea is not only a kind of thought, but also a kind of rule, not only an official law in feudal times, but also a traditional folk power or folk rule, and its influence is not until now.
The same surname, as a kind of folk rule, has been effectively affecting the vast rural areas of Xiangxi. However, with the continuous infiltration of economic, modern legal system, culture and other factors, the specific absolute social status of the same surname is no longer existing in a certain period. Even so, it is a modern folk rule, or one kind. The idea of ideas and the system of the same surname unmarried are all right and left to the behavior choices of the people in the rural areas, which can not be ignored. Whether they are the last generation or the generation, we are struggling or struggling in the edge of the thought.
This study mainly relies on the marriage and folk system existing in the rural areas of the Han nationality in Xiangxi, and analyzes the strength of the maintenance of the existence of the same surname. There are four main contents or problems: first, how to maintain the folk rules by traditional culture and how to choose the social choice in the process of maintaining the folk rules. Secondly, how to look at the folk The regional characteristics of the rule itself, that is, how the region plays the role of the folk rules. Third, how the elders play the role in such a small society, and how to maintain the folk rules such roles. Fourth, the influence of people in the rural areas. How people make choices and the problems people face when making choices and their inner thoughts.
This study, combined with the current social background, mainly studies the social role of the traditional struggle force itself under the cultural impact of a specific transition period, trying to explain the struggles of self evolution and social change to be clearly expressed through the research materials and the literature theory. The social choices of individuals and social groups are also the main contents of our investigation.
Through analysis, the article finally draws the idea of social choice. Social choice first means that we have a choice; secondly, we have to choose under the premise of choice; at the same time we must bear the choice cost. Of course, the idea of social choice has a precondition, that is to make a decision. The choice of people is not necessarily rational. It is entirely possible that emotional and traditional action, and especially the choice of folk rules, embodies the habit of thinking, the laziness of behavior, and the lag of thought. However, although our choice of behavior is irrational, we must have enough respect as a social choice. The concept of social choice reflects a struggle. In the process of this struggle, there are many social elements worth considering. However, because of the irrational premise, personal choice tends to become a social choice and tends to be more unified. The social choice is also a personal choice for some people and is deeply influenced by personal choices. Therefore, for social choice, non management or not, we must have basic respect and kindness, and respect the struggle to make decisions.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.13

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