社会网络视域下网络创业群体研究：绩效与影响因素
发布时间：2018-08-12 08:16
【摘要】：创业是中国乃至全世界经济发展的助力,一直以来都深受国家、社会、媒体、高校等社会各界,以及个人的广泛关注。近年来,国家特别加强对创业活动的扶持力度,例如为促进小微企业的发展,制定大量的诸如税收、信贷方面的优惠政策予以保障；为了更好地指导青少年创业,团中央、全国青联共同发起了旨在为中国青年创业提供网络、资金、技术支持的国际合作项目“青年创业国际计划”；特别是最近几年来,伴随互联网的迅猛发展,越来越多的地方政府出台大量鼓励和扶持政策,为电子商务和网络创业的腾飞保驾护航。 十几年前,马云作为中国互联网创业的先驱成功创办了B2B网上贸易平台“阿里巴巴”,随后又用“淘宝”这个名字成功续写了中国电子商务的神话,也正是由于淘宝网在民间可谓家喻户晓,因此吸引了很多普通人纷纷将目光锁定在网络创业之上,一时掀起了互联网创业的热潮。然而事实证明,网络创业的成功率并不高——尽管它已经是各种形式的创业活动中比率比较高的领域。 本文主要研究对象为网络创业,并从社会学热点“社会网络”的角度出发,搭建文章研究的主体框架,从网络创业者的社会网络特征着手,发现那些能够影响他们创业绩效的因素,并希望能为未来的网络创业者提供成功创业可供参考的理论依据。 文章主要采用了实证研究方法,通过对104位网络创业者的问卷调查收集数据并加以分析。借助网络创业者个人社会网络特征、资源获取能力、网络创业意愿以及商业网络特征这四大层面,研究诸多因素对网络创业绩效的影响。在数据处理过程中,利用SPSS软件进行了可靠性分析、因素分析、多重共线性检验、多元线性回归等分析,以验证文章中提出的九条假设关系。 文章第一部分对论文研究背景进行了阐述,交代了研究意义、研究方法和文章结构等基本问题,第二部分在综述国内外相关文献研究成果的基础上提出本文的理论模型和研究假设,第三章中,文章陈述了问卷的设计方法和发放对象,对变量设置、变量意义以及相关参考文献进行了说明,并简述了将大连网络创业者作为研究对象的原因,第四部分和第五部分则是本文的核心环节,首先对收集到的样本数据进行分析和处理以验证理论假设,再根据检验结果为网络创业者提出创业建议,这也是文章的中心意义所在,第六部分简述文章的创新点、局限性及对该领域的前景展望。 经过一年多的数据搜集及分析过程,文章得出了以下结论： 第一,个人社会网络结构中,网络规模、网络密度以及社会网络关系强度会对网络创业绩效产生影响,而强关系对创业者支持与否以及他们是否有创业经历对绩效影响不显著。 第二,网络创业者的资源获取能力和创业意愿对创业绩效具有显著影响作用,因此,网络创业者若想获得好的创业绩效,需要做好充分的创业前准备,如需确保自己能多渠道获得财物和人力资源、需确保自己资源的独有性、需制定详细的创业计划等等。 第三,商业网络特征对网络创业者创业绩效的影响不显著,这与目前国内中小企业电子商务水平较低有一定关系,但是可以通过数据分布图大体得知,创业者若拥有较高的电子商务水平,则更易实现好的绩效。 为了使问卷更易于被受访者接受和真实填写,因此在设计过程中简化了些题项的填写方法,但这一定程度影响了模型测量的准确性,并且由于一部分受访者创业时间已久,对个别题项的把握可能不尽准确,也或多或少的影响了最终结论,这是本文的一些不足之处。 文章以社会网络的角度研究网络创业问题,在以往的文献中较少,而以个人社会网络特征、资源获取能力、创业意愿、商业网络特征、网络创业绩效为主体构建研究模型、通过实证分析的方法探讨网络创业绩效影响因素的研究更不多见,这是本文的创新之处,当然,在这个比较新的研究领域,还有很多未知之处有待进一步挖掘。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurship is a boost to the economic development of China and even the whole world. It has always been deeply concerned by the state, society, media, universities and other social sectors, as well as individuals. In order to better guide youth entrepreneurship, the League Central Committee and the All-China Youth Federation have jointly launched the International Youth Entrepreneurship Plan, an international cooperative project aimed at providing network, funds and technical support for Chinese youth entrepreneurship. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of the Internet, more and more local governments have launched a large number of drums. Encourage and support policies to escort the development of e-commerce and network start-ups.
More than a decade ago, Ma Yun, as a pioneer of China's Internet entrepreneurship, successfully founded the B2B online trading platform Alibaba, and then successfully continued the myth of China's e-commerce with the name "Taobao". It is precisely because Taobao is well-known among the people, so many ordinary people have attracted their attention to the Internet. Internet entrepreneurship has set off a wave of Internet entrepreneurship for a while. However, it has proved that the success rate of Internet entrepreneurship is not high - although it is already a relatively high proportion of all forms of entrepreneurial activities.
The main research object of this paper is network entrepreneurship, and from the perspective of social network, which is a hot topic in sociology, the main frame of this paper is set up. Starting from the characteristics of social network of network entrepreneurs, the factors that can affect their entrepreneurial performance are found, and it is hoped that these factors can be used as reference for future network entrepreneurs to provide successful entrepreneurship. Theoretical basis.
This paper mainly uses empirical research methods to collect and analyze the data from a questionnaire survey of 104 Internet entrepreneurs. It studies the impact of many factors on the performance of Internet entrepreneurship through the four aspects of individual social network characteristics, resource acquisition ability, Internet entrepreneurship intention and business network characteristics of Internet entrepreneurs. In order to verify the nine hypothetical relationships proposed in this paper, the reliability analysis, factor analysis, multiple collinearity test and multiple linear regression analysis were carried out with SPSS software.
The first part of the article elaborates the research background, explains the research significance, research methods and article structure and other basic issues. The second part puts forward the theoretical model and research hypothesis of this paper on the basis of reviewing the domestic and foreign related literature research results. In the third chapter, the article states the questionnaire design method and the issuing object. Variable settings, variable meanings and related references are described, and the reasons for taking Dalian Internet entrepreneurs as the research object are briefly described. The fourth and fifth parts are the core of this paper. Firstly, the collected sample data are analyzed and processed to verify the theoretical hypothesis, and then the test results are used as the network entrepreneurs. This is also the central significance of the article. The sixth part outlines the innovation, limitations and prospects of this field.
After more than one year's data collection and analysis, the following conclusions are reached.
Firstly, in the individual social network structure, network size, network density and the strength of social network relationship will have an impact on Network Entrepreneurship performance, but strong relationship has no significant impact on entrepreneurs'support and whether they have entrepreneurial experience.
Secondly, the resource acquisition ability and entrepreneurial intention of network entrepreneurs have a significant impact on entrepreneurial performance. Therefore, if network entrepreneurs want to achieve good entrepreneurial performance, they need to make full preparations before starting a business. If they need to ensure that they can obtain financial and human resources through multiple channels, they need to ensure the uniqueness of their own resources, and they need to formulate a detailed plan. Entrepreneurship plan and so on.
Thirdly, the impact of business network characteristics on the entrepreneurial performance of network entrepreneurs is not significant, which is related to the current low level of e-commerce in small and medium-sized enterprises in China, but the data distribution map shows that entrepreneurs with a higher level of e-commerce, it is easier to achieve good performance.
In order to make the questionnaire more acceptable and true to the respondents, the method of filling in some items is simplified in the design process, but this affects the accuracy of the model measurement to a certain extent, and because some of the respondents have been entrepreneurs for a long time, the grasp of individual items may not be accurate, but also more or less affects the final conclusion. This is the deficiency of this article.
This paper studies the problem of Network Entrepreneurship from the perspective of social network, which is seldom seen in the literature in the past. It mainly studies the characteristics of individual social network, resource acquisition ability, entrepreneurial intention, commercial network characteristics, and Network Entrepreneurship performance. It is rare to explore the influencing factors of Network Entrepreneurship performance through empirical analysis. This is the innovation of this paper, of course, in this relatively new research field, there are still many unknown points to be further explored.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C912
本文编号：2178476
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurship is a boost to the economic development of China and even the whole world. It has always been deeply concerned by the state, society, media, universities and other social sectors, as well as individuals. In order to better guide youth entrepreneurship, the League Central Committee and the All-China Youth Federation have jointly launched the International Youth Entrepreneurship Plan, an international cooperative project aimed at providing network, funds and technical support for Chinese youth entrepreneurship. Especially in recent years, with the rapid development of the Internet, more and more local governments have launched a large number of drums. Encourage and support policies to escort the development of e-commerce and network start-ups.
More than a decade ago, Ma Yun, as a pioneer of China's Internet entrepreneurship, successfully founded the B2B online trading platform Alibaba, and then successfully continued the myth of China's e-commerce with the name "Taobao". It is precisely because Taobao is well-known among the people, so many ordinary people have attracted their attention to the Internet. Internet entrepreneurship has set off a wave of Internet entrepreneurship for a while. However, it has proved that the success rate of Internet entrepreneurship is not high - although it is already a relatively high proportion of all forms of entrepreneurial activities.
The main research object of this paper is network entrepreneurship, and from the perspective of social network, which is a hot topic in sociology, the main frame of this paper is set up. Starting from the characteristics of social network of network entrepreneurs, the factors that can affect their entrepreneurial performance are found, and it is hoped that these factors can be used as reference for future network entrepreneurs to provide successful entrepreneurship. Theoretical basis.
This paper mainly uses empirical research methods to collect and analyze the data from a questionnaire survey of 104 Internet entrepreneurs. It studies the impact of many factors on the performance of Internet entrepreneurship through the four aspects of individual social network characteristics, resource acquisition ability, Internet entrepreneurship intention and business network characteristics of Internet entrepreneurs. In order to verify the nine hypothetical relationships proposed in this paper, the reliability analysis, factor analysis, multiple collinearity test and multiple linear regression analysis were carried out with SPSS software.
The first part of the article elaborates the research background, explains the research significance, research methods and article structure and other basic issues. The second part puts forward the theoretical model and research hypothesis of this paper on the basis of reviewing the domestic and foreign related literature research results. In the third chapter, the article states the questionnaire design method and the issuing object. Variable settings, variable meanings and related references are described, and the reasons for taking Dalian Internet entrepreneurs as the research object are briefly described. The fourth and fifth parts are the core of this paper. Firstly, the collected sample data are analyzed and processed to verify the theoretical hypothesis, and then the test results are used as the network entrepreneurs. This is also the central significance of the article. The sixth part outlines the innovation, limitations and prospects of this field.
After more than one year's data collection and analysis, the following conclusions are reached.
Firstly, in the individual social network structure, network size, network density and the strength of social network relationship will have an impact on Network Entrepreneurship performance, but strong relationship has no significant impact on entrepreneurs'support and whether they have entrepreneurial experience.
Secondly, the resource acquisition ability and entrepreneurial intention of network entrepreneurs have a significant impact on entrepreneurial performance. Therefore, if network entrepreneurs want to achieve good entrepreneurial performance, they need to make full preparations before starting a business. If they need to ensure that they can obtain financial and human resources through multiple channels, they need to ensure the uniqueness of their own resources, and they need to formulate a detailed plan. Entrepreneurship plan and so on.
Thirdly, the impact of business network characteristics on the entrepreneurial performance of network entrepreneurs is not significant, which is related to the current low level of e-commerce in small and medium-sized enterprises in China, but the data distribution map shows that entrepreneurs with a higher level of e-commerce, it is easier to achieve good performance.
In order to make the questionnaire more acceptable and true to the respondents, the method of filling in some items is simplified in the design process, but this affects the accuracy of the model measurement to a certain extent, and because some of the respondents have been entrepreneurs for a long time, the grasp of individual items may not be accurate, but also more or less affects the final conclusion. This is the deficiency of this article.
This paper studies the problem of Network Entrepreneurship from the perspective of social network, which is seldom seen in the literature in the past. It mainly studies the characteristics of individual social network, resource acquisition ability, entrepreneurial intention, commercial network characteristics, and Network Entrepreneurship performance. It is rare to explore the influencing factors of Network Entrepreneurship performance through empirical analysis. This is the innovation of this paper, of course, in this relatively new research field, there are still many unknown points to be further explored.
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：C912
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