返乡青年社会适应的社会工作介入研究
发布时间：2018-10-18 07:41
【摘要】：建国以后,人口快速增长,过多的人口增长,使农村出现了大量闲置劳动力。进入新的历史时期,我国沿海经济快速发展,受拉力的影响,为了获取更好的经济利益,大量农村劳动力开始在城市定居、工作和生活。而中国几千年来的农业政策将农民长期依附于土地上,形成了特有的重土文化,“安土重迁”是中国几千年来农业社会下的真实写照。经济的快速发展正在冲击着这种文化,但由于城乡二元体制的长期存在,第一代农民工外出打工只是离乡不离土,他们仍然以农业为主,进城打工只是他们农忙之外的一种选择罢了,这种外出打工具有短暂性、周期性的特点。新世纪以来,以受过高等教育的80后90后为代表的新生代青年农民工成为农村流向城市的主要农民工群体。较之第一代农民工,他们有着更高的知识水平,更好的专业技能,他们不仅只是想在城市获得劳动收入,而是怀着城市梦,想在城市有立锥之地,最终成为城市的一员。然而,梦想与现实总有差距,一方面,城市高昂的物价和巨大的生活压力以及政策影响是阻碍农民工留在城市的重要因素;另一方面,城市中的价值观、城市的社会关系网络也给农民工留城形成了巨大挑战。受这些因素的影响,很多劳动力无奈之下不得不返回家乡。但由于这一代农民工受城市影响很深,对农村社会生活并不是太熟悉,因此返乡之后又面临着农村生活社会适应问题。当返乡青年不能适应农村生活而出现适应性障碍时,社会工作者应该如何介入,这成为本次研究要解决的主要问题。本研究以蒲韩合作社为研究地点,以蒲韩合作社的返乡青年为研究对象,运用文献法、观察法和访谈法进行调查研究,通过实地调研,笔者发现蒲韩合作社的部分返乡青年存在社会适应性障碍,具体来说主要包括心理适应障碍和人际关系适应障碍。因此,在本次研究中,笔者针对这些适应障碍开展了个案工作和小组工作介入,协助案主调整当前的不适。通过介入发现,具有心理适应障碍的返乡青年需要得到家人以及亲朋好友的支持理解,而要提高人际关系适应能力,则需要从根本上改变返乡青年们对乡村社会的错误认知。
[Abstract]:After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the rapid growth of population and excessive population growth caused a large number of idle labor in rural areas. In the new historical period, the coastal economy of our country develops rapidly and is influenced by the pulling force. In order to obtain better economic benefits, a large number of rural labor force begin to settle, work and live in the city. The agricultural policy of China for thousands of years has attached farmers to the land for a long time, and formed a special culture of heavy soil. "relocating the land" is the true portrayal of the agricultural society in China for thousands of years. The rapid development of the economy is impacting on this culture. However, due to the long-term existence of the urban-rural dual system, the first generation of migrant workers are only leaving their homes to work outside their native areas, and they still rely mainly on agriculture. Migrant workers are only an alternative to their busyness, which is short-lived and periodic. Since the new century, the new generation of young migrant workers, represented by the post-80s generation with higher education, has become the main group of rural migrant workers flowing to cities. Compared with the first generation of migrant workers, they have a higher level of knowledge, better professional skills, they not only want to obtain labor income in the city, but also dream of a city, want to have a place in the city, eventually become a member of the city. However, there is always a gap between dreams and reality. On the one hand, high prices and enormous living pressure in cities and the impact of policies are important factors preventing migrant workers from staying in cities; on the other hand, values in cities, The social network of the city also forms the enormous challenge to the peasant laborer to stay in the city. Affected by these factors, many of the labor force had to return to their hometown. However, the peasant workers of this generation are deeply influenced by the city and are not too familiar with the rural social life, so they are faced with the problem of social adaptation of rural life after returning home. The main problem of this study is how social workers should intervene when returning youth can not adapt to rural life and have adaptive obstacles. This study takes Pu-Han Cooperative as the research place, takes Pu-Han cooperative's returning youth as the research object, uses the literature method, the observation method and the interview method to carry on the investigation and research, through the field investigation, The author found that some of the returning youth in Puhan Cooperative had social adaptability barriers, specifically, including psychological adaptation and interpersonal relationship adaptation. Therefore, in this study, the author carried out case work and group intervention to assist the victim to adjust the current discomfort. Through intervention, it was found that the young homecoming with mental adaptation disorder needed the support and understanding of their families and relatives, but in order to improve their interpersonal adaptability, they needed to fundamentally change their wrong cognition of the rural society.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C916
本文编号：2278451
[Abstract]:After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the rapid growth of population and excessive population growth caused a large number of idle labor in rural areas. In the new historical period, the coastal economy of our country develops rapidly and is influenced by the pulling force. In order to obtain better economic benefits, a large number of rural labor force begin to settle, work and live in the city. The agricultural policy of China for thousands of years has attached farmers to the land for a long time, and formed a special culture of heavy soil. "relocating the land" is the true portrayal of the agricultural society in China for thousands of years. The rapid development of the economy is impacting on this culture. However, due to the long-term existence of the urban-rural dual system, the first generation of migrant workers are only leaving their homes to work outside their native areas, and they still rely mainly on agriculture. Migrant workers are only an alternative to their busyness, which is short-lived and periodic. Since the new century, the new generation of young migrant workers, represented by the post-80s generation with higher education, has become the main group of rural migrant workers flowing to cities. Compared with the first generation of migrant workers, they have a higher level of knowledge, better professional skills, they not only want to obtain labor income in the city, but also dream of a city, want to have a place in the city, eventually become a member of the city. However, there is always a gap between dreams and reality. On the one hand, high prices and enormous living pressure in cities and the impact of policies are important factors preventing migrant workers from staying in cities; on the other hand, values in cities, The social network of the city also forms the enormous challenge to the peasant laborer to stay in the city. Affected by these factors, many of the labor force had to return to their hometown. However, the peasant workers of this generation are deeply influenced by the city and are not too familiar with the rural social life, so they are faced with the problem of social adaptation of rural life after returning home. The main problem of this study is how social workers should intervene when returning youth can not adapt to rural life and have adaptive obstacles. This study takes Pu-Han Cooperative as the research place, takes Pu-Han cooperative's returning youth as the research object, uses the literature method, the observation method and the interview method to carry on the investigation and research, through the field investigation, The author found that some of the returning youth in Puhan Cooperative had social adaptability barriers, specifically, including psychological adaptation and interpersonal relationship adaptation. Therefore, in this study, the author carried out case work and group intervention to assist the victim to adjust the current discomfort. Through intervention, it was found that the young homecoming with mental adaptation disorder needed the support and understanding of their families and relatives, but in order to improve their interpersonal adaptability, they needed to fundamentally change their wrong cognition of the rural society.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C916
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