跨文化适应过程中的文化休克研究
发布时间：2018-10-22 14:20
【摘要】：文化休克现象普遍存在,它伴随着跨文化接触的发生而发生。美国人类学家奥伯格于1960年首次创造了“文化休克”这一说法用以描述当人们进入一种几乎没有熟悉的信号和行为的新的文化环境中所产生的焦虑的种种迹象。几十年来,许多这一领域的研究人员全身心地探索这一问题,其目的是为了全面揭示隐藏在文化休克现象背后的深层次原因,进一步探究出应对或者至少减轻这一现象所带来的负面影响的有效策略,从而真正提高出国人员的生活、学习和工作的质量。然而,他们的研究目前还没有系统化。本文是将文化休克现象置于跨文化适应的过程中加以研究的。它有两个目标:第一,从文化休克的不同形式、症状、原因、过程和策略以及两种重要的模式等多个不同的角度探索和分析了文化休克现象。第二,提出应对或减轻文化休克现象的有效策略。 为了深化讨论文化休克现象的深刻原因,本文运用了霍夫斯泰德的五个文化维度理论。本文还运用了金荣渊的压力-适应-成长相互作用的理论来解释跨文化适应的过程。此外,文章还对文化、文化相对主义、民族中心主义等概念以及文化休克现象在跨文化适应过程中所扮演的角色等进行了具体阐述。 在文化休克的种种应对策略中本文着重强调了跨文化培训。同时,“适应”作为克服文化休克现象的一种自然方法也受到重视。本文共分五章: 第一章是引言,主要论述了本研究的意义,目的和组织结构。 第二章分析了对文化的理解并就文化休克现象从不同的角度进行了探讨。 第三章将文化休克和跨文化适应联系起来。本章简单论述了对跨文化适应及其过程的理解,探讨了文化休克现象在跨文化适应过程中的角色并且分析了文化休克的深层次原因。 第四章提出了文化休克的应对策略。本章着重强调了跨文化培训对跨文化能力培养的重要性。本章还通过评判成功的跨文化适应的结果就作为克服和减轻文化休克的一种自然方法的适应进行了论述。 第五章是文化休克现象的研究启示,这一现象对中学英语教学的启示以及对全文的总结。
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of cultural shock, which occurs with the occurrence of cross-cultural contact, is widespread. The American anthropologist Oberger first coined the term "cultural shock" in 1960 to describe the signs of anxiety that arise when people enter a new cultural environment in which there are almost no familiar signals and behaviors. For decades, many researchers in this field have devoted themselves to exploring the problem in order to fully reveal the underlying causes behind the phenomenon of cultural shock. Further explore effective strategies to cope with or at least mitigate the negative effects of this phenomenon, so as to truly improve the quality of life, study and work of people abroad. However, their research is not yet systematic. This paper studies the phenomenon of cultural shock in the process of cross-cultural adaptation. It has two goals: first, it explores and analyzes the phenomenon of cultural shock from different forms, symptoms, causes, processes and strategies, as well as two important models of culture shock. Secondly, effective strategies to deal with or reduce the phenomenon of cultural shock are put forward. In order to further discuss the causes of cultural shock, this paper applies Hofstedt's theory of five cultural dimensions. This paper also uses Jin Rongyuan's theory of pressure-adaptation-growth interaction to explain the process of cross-cultural adaptation. In addition, the concepts of culture, cultural relativism, ethnocentrism and the role of cultural shock in the process of cross-cultural adaptation are expounded. In the various coping strategies of cultural shock, this paper emphasizes cross-cultural training. At the same time, adaptation as a natural method to overcome the phenomenon of cultural shock has also been attached importance. This paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is an introduction, mainly discusses the significance, purpose and organizational structure of this study. The second chapter analyzes the understanding of culture and discusses the phenomenon of culture shock from different angles. Chapter three links cultural shock with cross-cultural adaptation. This chapter briefly discusses the understanding of cross-cultural adaptation and its process, discusses the role of cultural shock in the process of cross-cultural adaptation, and analyzes the deep-seated causes of cultural shock. The fourth chapter puts forward the strategy of culture shock. This chapter emphasizes the importance of cross-cultural training for cross-cultural competence. This chapter also discusses the outcome of successful intercultural adaptation as a natural way to overcome and mitigate cultural shock. The fifth chapter is about the enlightenment of culture shock phenomenon, the enlightenment of this phenomenon to English teaching in middle school and the summary of the whole text.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C912.4
本文编号：2287405
[Abstract]:The phenomenon of cultural shock, which occurs with the occurrence of cross-cultural contact, is widespread. The American anthropologist Oberger first coined the term "cultural shock" in 1960 to describe the signs of anxiety that arise when people enter a new cultural environment in which there are almost no familiar signals and behaviors. For decades, many researchers in this field have devoted themselves to exploring the problem in order to fully reveal the underlying causes behind the phenomenon of cultural shock. Further explore effective strategies to cope with or at least mitigate the negative effects of this phenomenon, so as to truly improve the quality of life, study and work of people abroad. However, their research is not yet systematic. This paper studies the phenomenon of cultural shock in the process of cross-cultural adaptation. It has two goals: first, it explores and analyzes the phenomenon of cultural shock from different forms, symptoms, causes, processes and strategies, as well as two important models of culture shock. Secondly, effective strategies to deal with or reduce the phenomenon of cultural shock are put forward. In order to further discuss the causes of cultural shock, this paper applies Hofstedt's theory of five cultural dimensions. This paper also uses Jin Rongyuan's theory of pressure-adaptation-growth interaction to explain the process of cross-cultural adaptation. In addition, the concepts of culture, cultural relativism, ethnocentrism and the role of cultural shock in the process of cross-cultural adaptation are expounded. In the various coping strategies of cultural shock, this paper emphasizes cross-cultural training. At the same time, adaptation as a natural method to overcome the phenomenon of cultural shock has also been attached importance. This paper is divided into five chapters: the first chapter is an introduction, mainly discusses the significance, purpose and organizational structure of this study. The second chapter analyzes the understanding of culture and discusses the phenomenon of culture shock from different angles. Chapter three links cultural shock with cross-cultural adaptation. This chapter briefly discusses the understanding of cross-cultural adaptation and its process, discusses the role of cultural shock in the process of cross-cultural adaptation, and analyzes the deep-seated causes of cultural shock. The fourth chapter puts forward the strategy of culture shock. This chapter emphasizes the importance of cross-cultural training for cross-cultural competence. This chapter also discusses the outcome of successful intercultural adaptation as a natural way to overcome and mitigate cultural shock. The fifth chapter is about the enlightenment of culture shock phenomenon, the enlightenment of this phenomenon to English teaching in middle school and the summary of the whole text.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C912.4
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1 林海;文化休克的社会学和社会心理学观[D];西南师范大学;2002年
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，本文编号：2287405
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