择偶偏好上代际冲突的实验研究

发布时间：2018-10-30 12:02

【摘要】：代际冲突是代际关系中的一种表现形式,也可称之为"代沟",广义是指两代人之间在价值观念、思想内容、生活态度以及认知方式、兴趣爱好等方面的不同,狭义是指亲代(父母)与子代(子女)在上述方面的差异,而择偶方面的代际冲突是指:亲代与子代在择偶观、择偶方式、择偶偏好等方面的差异。由于亲代与子代面对不同的进化压力,导致择偶偏好上的代际冲突愈加凸显,因此在进化论的框架内,在广义适合度理论、亲代投资理论、自私的基因理论以及性选择理论的基础上展开对择偶偏好上代际冲突的实验研究。实验一目的是通过问卷,探讨择偶偏好在资源与基因两个方面的代际冲突及其性别差异。实验结果验证了假设:亲代为子代择偶时比子代更偏好资源标准,其中母亲为女儿择偶时更为偏好;而子代择偶时要比亲代为其择偶时更偏好于基因标准,儿子比女儿更为突出。实验二目的是验证在对资源与基因进行二者择优选其一的迫选择偶情境中,亲代与子代是否会坚持在实验一中的择偶偏好。实验把基因因素与资源因素结合起来操纵择偶偏好上代际冲突的影响。实验结果表明:在长期择偶策略条件下,母亲为女儿择偶时依然显著偏好于资源因素,而女儿对这两者偏好差异并不显著,也就是说,需要同时考虑这两个因素时,女儿对基因的偏好强度被资源削弱;而儿子依然对基因标准偏好显著,父亲却对两者偏好差异并不显著,但与儿子相比依然偏好于资源标准。实验三目的是根据已有研究和理论,选择相似面孔为显型基因变量,进一步验证在基因偏好上的代际冲突。实验结果显示:在长期择偶策略条件下,亲代为子代选择配偶时对面孔类型偏好差异不显著,但其中父亲对于含有自我相似面孔的潜在儿媳妇的偏好是边缘显著;子代偏好于含有自我相似面孔的潜在配偶,其中儿子比女儿偏好更强烈。
[Abstract]:Intergenerational conflict is a form of expression in intergenerational relations, which can also be called "generation gap". In a broad sense, it refers to the differences between generations in terms of values, ideological content, attitude to life, cognitive styles, interests and hobbies, etc. The narrow sense refers to the differences between parents (parents) and offspring (children) in the above aspects, while the intergenerational conflict in mate selection refers to the differences between parents and offspring in the view of mate selection, the mode of mate selection, the preference of mate selection and so on. Due to the different evolutionary pressures faced by parents and offspring, the intergenerational conflict of preference for mate selection becomes more and more prominent. Therefore, within the framework of evolution theory, the theory of generalized fitness, parental investment theory, On the basis of selfishness gene theory and sex selection theory, the experimental study on the intergenerational conflict of mate preference is carried out. The purpose of the first experiment is to explore the intergenerational conflict and the gender difference between resource and gene in mate selection preference by questionnaire. The results of the experiment verify the hypothesis that the parents prefer the resource standard to the offspring, and the mother to the daughter prefers the resource standard; The offspring are more inclined to the genetic standard than their parents, and the son is more prominent than the daughter. The purpose of experiment 2 is to verify whether parents and offspring will stick to the preference of mate in experiment 1 in the case of forced selection of resources and genes. The experiment combined genetic factors with resource factors to manipulate the effects of intergenerational conflict on mate preference. The results show that, under the condition of long-term mating strategy, the mother still prefers the resource factor when she is the daughter, but the difference between the two factors is not significant, that is, when the two factors need to be considered at the same time, Daughters' preference for genes is weakened by resources; However, the son still has a significant preference for genetic criteria, while the father has no significant difference in their preferences, but he still prefers the resource standard compared with his son. The third aim of the experiment is to select similar faces as explicit genetic variables according to previous studies and theories to further verify the intergenerational conflict in gene preference. The results show that under the condition of long-term mate selection strategy, there is no significant difference in the preference for face type in the selection of spouse by the parents, but the preference of the father for the potential daughter-in-law with self-similar faces is marginal significant. Offspring prefer potential spouses with self-similar faces, with sons preferring more than daughters.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.1

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