网络戾气治理研究

发布时间：2018-10-31 16:38

【摘要】：随着移动互联网技术的飞速发展与传播终端如智能手机的多元化,让信息传播越来越自由化,网民利用网络进行意见表达也越来越便捷。网民在表达过程中,由于缺少相应的自律行为,导致许多失范行为的发生。在失范行为的背后映射着网民日益偏激的心理与情绪----网络戾气。在网络戾气的驱使下,网民失去理智,被愤怒怨恨等负面情绪裹挟,肆意在网络空间发泄愤懑,甚至不惜互相攻击谩骂,最终酿成重大破坏性事件。网络戾气的产生与传播破坏了网络空间的健康秩序,也违背基本的法律法规与道德要求。因此,迫切需要对网络戾气现象进行研究,寻求解决之道。本文主要对网络戾气的概念、形成过程、形成原因以及负面影响进行研究,并在此研究基础之上提出治理网络戾气的策略方法,为遏制网络戾气的蔓延提供借鉴。网络戾气是一种在网络空间产生的极端偏激的心理情绪,具有暴力性特征。它的形成过程一般包括显现期、累积期、爆发期、衰减期四个阶段。网络戾气产生是各方面因素共同作用的结果。从社会现实层面看,贫富差距的扩大以及社会阶层的逐渐固化是网络戾气产生的现实因素。从传播渠道看,网络新闻媒体的非客观性报道以及意见领袖话语权的滥用是网络戾气产生的传播因素。从网民主体看,网民存在的个体性宣泄心理以及群体性从众心理是网络戾气产生的主体心理因素。网络戾气作为一种偏激极端的心理,其存在会产生危害性后果。部分网民在网络戾气驱使下会做出违反法律原则的行为,侵犯个人权利;网络戾气的存在也在某种程度上激化社会矛盾,影响社会和谐;同时,网络戾气的暴力性特征也无形中激发暴力行为的产生,破坏网络空间秩序。面对这些困境,各方面应该共同努力。从网民角度看,网民应该提升自身媒介素养和信息批判能力;从网络新闻媒介角度看,网络新闻媒体应该加强自律,承担“把关人”职责;从意见领袖角度看,意见领袖控制话语权的使用,维护网络空间秩序;从政府角度看,政府应该加强法治,保障民生,从根源上遏制网络戾气的产生。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of mobile Internet technology and the diversification of communication terminals such as smart phones, information dissemination is more and more liberalized, and it is more and more convenient for Internet users to express their opinions. In the process of expression, due to the lack of corresponding self-discipline behavior, a lot of abnormal behavior occurs. Behind the abnormal behavior is the increasingly extreme psychology and mood-network hostility. Driven by hostility on the Internet, Internet users lose their sense and are held hostage by negative emotions such as anger and resentment. They wantonly vent their anger in cyberspace, and even do not hesitate to attack each other and abuse each other, resulting in major destructive events. The emergence and spread of network hostility destroy the healthy order of cyberspace and violate the basic laws and regulations and moral requirements. Therefore, there is an urgent need to study the phenomenon of network hostility and seek solutions. In this paper, the concept of network hostility, formation process, formation reasons and negative effects are studied, and on the basis of this research, the strategies and methods of controlling network hostility are put forward, which can be used as a reference to curb the spread of network hostility. Network belligerence is a kind of extreme psychological emotion produced in cyberspace, which is characterized by violence. Its formation process generally consists of four stages: manifestation, accumulation, eruption and decay. Network belligerence is the result of all factors acting together. From the perspective of social reality, the widening gap between rich and poor and the gradual solidification of social stratum are the realistic factors of network hostility. From the point of view of communication channel, the non-objective report of network news media and the abuse of opinion leader's right of speech are the spreading factors of network hostility. From the point of view of the main body of Internet users, individual catharsis and mass conformity are the main psychological factors of network hostility. Network hostility as a extreme psychology, its existence will have harmful consequences. Some netizens will violate the principle of law and violate individual rights under the drive of network hostility, and the existence of network hostility will also intensify social contradictions to some extent and affect social harmony. At the same time, the violent characteristics of network hostility can invisibly stimulate the emergence of violence and destroy the order of cyberspace. In the face of these difficulties, all parties should work together. From the point of view of Internet users, Internet users should improve their media literacy and information critique ability, from the perspective of network news media, the network news media should strengthen self-discipline and assume the responsibility of "gatekeepers". From the perspective of opinion leaders, opinion leaders control the use of the right to speak and maintain the order of cyberspace; from the perspective of the government, the government should strengthen the rule of law, protect the people's livelihood, and curb the emergence of online hostility from the root.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C913.4;G206

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