本土化何以可能——社会科学中反思普遍主义的主要视角

发布时间：2018-11-16 08:13

【摘要】：在中国乃至全球社会科学史上,本土化都是一个不断引起讨论的议题。虽然各种本土化论述意见杂陈,难以统一,但是不少观点都在不同程度上体现着社会科学中各种反思普遍主义的知识论立场。这些反思普遍主义的知识论立场在社会科学史上通常被称为历史主义。社会科学中的历史主义思想发轫于19世纪的德国,而在当代知识论和知识社会学中则有多条演进路径,可以从多个角度进行把握。这些不同的角度大致可以概括为四种类型,分别为诠释学、实践论、权力论和复杂性视角。这些知识论视角都牵涉到了社会科学研究中不同于自然科学的某些独特要素,如意义、价值、权力和系统的开放性等,在更强的意义上对普遍主义科学观构成了挑战和批判。从不同视角反思社会科学中的普遍主义科学观,为社会科学本土化论述提供了重要的思想启示,也有助于揭示错综复杂的本土化论述背后深层的理论逻辑,从而为社会科学本土化论提供了有力的知识论基础。
[Abstract]:In the history of Chinese and even global social sciences, localization is a subject of constant discussion. Although the opinions of various native expositions are mixed and difficult to unify, many viewpoints reflect various intellectual positions of reflecting universalism in social science to varying degrees. These intellectual positions of reflective universalism are commonly referred to as historicism in the history of social sciences. The idea of historicism in social science originated in Germany in the 19th century, but in contemporary knowledge theory and sociology of knowledge there are many paths of evolution, which can be grasped from many angles. These different angles can be classified into four types: hermeneutics, practice, power and complexity. These theories of knowledge involve some unique elements in social science research, such as meaning, value, power and openness of system, which challenge and criticize the scientific view of universalism in a stronger sense. Reflecting on the scientific view of universalism in social science from different angles provides important inspiration for the discussion of localization of social science, and also helps to reveal the deep theoretical logic behind the intricate discussion of localization. Therefore, it provides a powerful knowledge theory basis for the localization of social science.
【作者单位】：上海社会科学院社会学研究所;华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院;
【分类号】：C0

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