长江三角洲地区城市群人居环境失配度演变研究

发布时间：2018-11-22 06:27

【摘要】：改革开放后,以上海为龙头、江苏和浙江为两翼的长江三角洲地区迅速成长为中国经济发展最具活力、开放程度最高、创新能力最强、城市化程度最高的城市群。快速城市化、工业化的进程中,长三角地区多数城市涌现生态环境恶化、住房价格飙升、基础设施供给与公共服务短缺以及水、气、土等质量下降的系列人居环境问题。针对快速城市化与工业化过程人居环境恶化现象,基于人地关系地域系统理论构建人居环境失配度评价模型,系统刻画长三角城市群人居环境子系统的失配特征及其时空分异,阐明人居环境质量失配综合程度,既可丰富人地关系地域系统理论的人居环境研究应用价值,同时又有助于明晰“十三五”时期新型城镇化推进政策的抓手。首先,基于人地关系地域系统理论构造涵盖经济、社会、设施、环境等在内的41个指标形成城市人居环境失配度测量模型;其次,利用ArcGIS10.2、SPSS22.0等软件的几何间隔法、偏相关分析和描述分析等方法测算长三角城市群25个地级以上城市的经济—生态环境、基本公共服务、居住环境等的1990、1995、2000、2005、2010、2015年要素失配度,刻画长三角城市群人居环境失配度时空格局;第三,复合人居环境要素失配度,解析长三角城市群人居环境失配程度时空演化特征。研究发现:(1)综合人地关系地域系统等理论,辨析城市人居环境失配度内涵,构造基于距离协调、健康距离等主导的城市群人居环境失配度测算模型,进而在经济、生态环境、基本公共服务和居住环境等要素层遴选包括经济密度、大气污染模数、路网密度、外来人口比重和传统艺术等在内的失配度集成测算指标体系及其评判标准。(2)长三角城市群人居环境要素失配度中(1)经济与生态环境失配度整体呈现“团状”格局,总体失配程度不断下降,但域内城际差距不断增大,失配格局呈现由中度失配趋向低度均衡发展;(2)基本公共服务失配度呈现“K”型格局,时序演变呈下降趋势,域内城际差异不断缩小,省际内部差距有扩大趋势;空间格局演化表现为由高失配趋向低失配均衡发展;(3)居住环境失配度整体呈现“N”字型格局,时序演变呈波动态格局,且波动幅度与经济发展水平左右城市居住环境失配类型。(3)长三角城市群人居环境要素失配复合呈现(1)整体呈波动上升态势,处于中度失配状态,且域内城际差距有扩大态势;(2)失配重心由中部向北部演替;(3)经济-生态环境、基本公共服务的失配度整体均呈下降趋势,但居住环境失配却高位上升,是造成人居环境失配度波动上升的主因;(4)省际三要素失配度均呈扩大趋势,且失配重心由中心向北、浙西南方向迁移。
[Abstract]:After the reform and opening up, the Yangtze River Delta region, with Shanghai as its leading role and Jiangsu and Zhejiang as its two wings, has rapidly grown into the urban agglomeration with the most vigorous economic development, the highest degree of openness, the strongest ability of innovation and the highest degree of urbanization. In the process of rapid urbanization and industrialization, the ecological environment in most cities in the Yangtze River Delta region has deteriorated, housing prices have soared, the shortage of infrastructure supply and public services, and a series of problems of living environment with the declining quality of water, gas and soil, etc. In view of the phenomenon of rapid urbanization and the deterioration of human settlement environment in the process of industrialization, based on the theory of human-land relationship regional system, the evaluation model of human settlement environment mismatch degree is constructed, and the mismatch characteristics and space-time differentiation of the residential environment subsystem of Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration are systematically described. Expounding the comprehensive degree of the mismatch of human settlement quality can not only enrich the applied value of the study of human settlement environment based on the theory of human-land relationship regional system, but also help to clarify the grasp of the new urbanization policy in the 13th Five-Year Plan period. Firstly, based on the theory of man-land relationship region system, 41 indexes including economy, society, facilities, environment and so on are constructed to form the measurement model of urban human settlements mismatch. Secondly, the economic-ecological environment and basic public service of 25 cities in Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration are calculated by using geometric interval method, partial correlation analysis and description analysis of ArcGIS10.2,SPSS22.0 and other software. The factor mismatch degree of 1990 / 1995 / 2005 / 2005 / 2010 and 2015 depicts the spatial and temporal pattern of residential environment mismatch in Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. Thirdly, it analyzes the spatial and temporal evolution characteristics of the habitat mismatch degree of Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration. The results are as follows: (1) by synthesizing the theories of man-land relationship and geographical system, the connotation of urban human settlements mismatch is analyzed, and the model of human settlements mismatch based on distance coordination and healthy distance is constructed. The selection of factors such as ecological environment, basic public service and living environment includes economic density, air pollution modulus, road network density, etc. The integrated measurement index system and evaluation standard of the mismatch including the proportion of the foreign population and the traditional art. (2) in the mismatch of the elements of the residential environment of the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration, (1) the mismatch of the economic and ecological environment presents a "mass" pattern as a whole. The overall mismatch degree is decreasing, but the inter-city gap is increasing, and the mismatch pattern is changing from moderate mismatch to low-degree balanced development. (2) the mismatch degree of basic public service presents "K" pattern, the time series evolves with a decreasing trend, the inter-city difference within the region is shrinking, and the inter-provincial disparity is expanding, the spatial pattern evolves from high mismatch to low-mismatch equilibrium; (3) the mismatch of residential environment presents "N" pattern, and the time series evolves in a dynamic pattern. The range of fluctuation and the level of economic development affect the type of urban residential environment mismatch. (3) the combination of residential environmental elements mismatch of Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration presents (1) the overall fluctuation rising trend, in a moderate mismatch state; And the inter-city gap in the region is expanding; (2) the center of gravity of mismatch is from the middle to the north. (3) the mismatch degree of the basic public service is in a downward trend, but the high level of the mismatch of the living environment is the main cause of the fluctuation of the mismatch of the human settlement environment. (4) the mismatch degree of the three elements between provinces is increasing, and the center of gravity of the mismatch is moving from the center to the north, and the direction to the southwest of Zhejiang Province.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：C912.81;F127

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