个人—工作契合视角下职业决策方法研究

发布时间：2018-12-07 09:04

【摘要】：本研究在对当前各种职业决策方法利弊进行总结的基础上,借鉴个人-工作契合的相关理论,以期开发出一种行之有效的、以个人-工作契合度为评判准则的职业决策方法。研究通过翻译、修订,得到了需要-供给契合问卷。再结合要求-能力契合问卷以及工作满意度问卷,对来自不同企事业单位的322位被试进行了施测。通过数据分析,研究者探索了个人-工作契合各内容维度之间的关系,验证了其对于工作满意度的预测作用,最后还对部分个人特征变量的影响进行了分析。根据分析结果建立起包含八个内容维度的个人-工作契合层次模型。最后在一个具体职业决策案例中,利用层次分析法对该模型进行加权计算,进而帮助决策者选出与其契合度较高的工作。本研究得出以下结论： 1.需要-供给契合包括八方面内容：报酬、声望、利他、同事关系、安全、职权、多样性、自主性。这八项内容组成个人回报、他人福祉、工作稳定性、工作内容变化四个维度。信度分析及验证性因素分析证实,翻译、修订得到的问卷信效度良好。 2.要求-能力契合与需要-供给契合都与工作满意度显著相关,但需要-供给契合对满意度的预测能力更强；在需要-供给契合各个维度中,个人回报契合对于工作满意度的影响最大；个人特征变量中的年龄、职位也对于工作满意度具有显著的影响。 3.个人-工作契合理论可以应用于职业决策。利用层次分析法对依据个人-工作契合理论建立起的层次模型进行计算,可以提高职业决策的准确性。
[Abstract]:On the basis of summing up the advantages and disadvantages of various career decision making methods at present, this study draws lessons from the relevant theories of individual-work fit in order to develop an effective career decision making method based on the degree of individual-work fit. Through translation and revision, the research has obtained the needs-supply fit questionnaire. Then 322 subjects from different enterprises and institutions were tested by combining the requirement-ability fit questionnaire and job satisfaction questionnaire. Through data analysis, the researchers explored the relationship between individual and job fit dimensions, verified its predictive effect on job satisfaction, and analyzed the influence of some personal characteristic variables. Based on the results of the analysis, a personal-work fit hierarchy model with eight dimensions was established. Finally, in a specific case of career decision making, the AHP is used to calculate the weight of the model, which can help the decision makers to choose the jobs with a high degree of agreement. This study draws the following conclusions: 1. Needs-supply fit includes eight aspects: remuneration, prestige, altruism, co-worker relations, security, authority, diversity, autonomy. These eight elements consist of four dimensions: personal reward, well-being of others, job stability and changes in work content. Reliability analysis and confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the reliability and validity of the revised questionnaire were good. 2. Both demand-ability fit and needs-supply fit are significantly related to job satisfaction, but needs-supply fit is more powerful in predicting satisfaction. Among the dimensions of needs-supply fit, personal reward fit has the greatest influence on job satisfaction, while age and position in individual characteristic variables also have significant influence on job satisfaction. 3. The theory of personal-work fit can be applied to career decision-making. The calculation of the hierarchical model based on the theory of personal-work fit can improve the accuracy of career decision-making by using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP).
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.2;F224

【参考文献】