“中国人是集体主义的吗”:争议、分歧与解决

发布时间：2019-01-02 17:45

【摘要】：30多年来文化心理学界广泛采用个体主义-集体主义来解释文化差异,西方学者一致认为中国人是集体主义的典型(效应值最大),然而中国学者却持截然相反观点。个体主义-集体主义概念界定和测量的过于广泛和混淆、"集体"的意义指向模糊是造成中西方学者分歧的原因。厘清个体主义-集体主义概念内涵、区分关系集体和泛集体的界限、细分关系集体主义和群体集体主义是解决分歧的途径。跨文化研究者不能再一味地、笼统地认定中国人是集体主义的典型,而应更细致地挖掘跨文化研究所揭示的丰富内涵。文化间在个体主义-集体主义上的差异,会随着参照对象的不同而改变。中国人既是集体主义的(其表现形式为以关系集体主义为主、泛集体主义为辅的集体主义结合体),又是个体主义的,表现出双元文化取向。
[Abstract]:Over the past 30 years, individualism and collectivism have been widely used in cultural psychology to explain the cultural differences. Western scholars agree that Chinese are the most typical of collectivism, but Chinese scholars hold the opposite view. The definition and measurement of individualism and collectivism are too broad and confusing. The meaning of "collective" points to ambiguity is the reason for the difference between Chinese and western scholars. To clarify the connotation of individualism-collectivism, to distinguish the boundaries between collectives and pan-collectivists, and to divide collectivists and collectivists into subdivisions are the ways to resolve differences. Cross-cultural researchers can no longer blindly assume that the Chinese are typical of collectivism, but should dig more carefully into the rich connotations revealed by cross-cultural research. Cultural differences in individualism-collectivism change with reference objects. The Chinese are both collectivism (the combination of collectivism based on relational collectivism and pan-collectivism) and individualism, showing the dual cultural orientation.
【作者单位】：国防科技大学人文与社会科学学院;
【基金】：湖南省教育科学规划项目(XJK014QXL001) 湖南省社科基金项目(13YBB024) 国防科技大学学校预研项目(JS16-03-21)
【分类号】：C912.6

【相似文献】