以老年人需求为导向的社区照顾服务研究
发布时间：2019-05-27 12:29
【摘要】：中国人口老龄化的快速发展致使养老保障负担日益沉重、基本医疗保险基金支出高速增长、社会服务需求尤其是老年人的照顾需求迅速膨胀。迈进老龄化社会门槛的中国,家庭之忧已经演化成社会之忧、国家之忧。这就提醒我们,老年人的问题决不仅仅是个别家庭的事情,而是整个社会应当给予高度重视的事情。本文通过研究新乡市社区不同特征老年人对照顾服务的需求状况,进一步探究满足其照顾需求的服务能力。 开篇绪论部分概述了本文选题的背景、研究意义,对社区照顾服务的相关概念进行了界定,并对其相关的文献进行了梳理、归纳,是整篇文章的理论铺垫。本文研究设计部分,主要采用了问卷调查的研究方法。调查问卷主要由三个部分组成,包括老年人特征、社区照顾服务需求和社区照顾服务供给能力现状。通过调查问卷进行收集数据,并且对数据进行统计分析。服务需求决定服务供给的立足点,了解社区老年人的服务需求才能更有效地推进社区照顾服务的发展。为此,我们在新乡市的12个区(市)县,对老年人的社区照顾服务需求进行调查。在数据分析中主要采用描述性统计分析。文章在对问卷进行统计分析之后,发现医疗保健服务需求是当前老年人最迫切的需求,其次为休闲娱乐服务需求。另外还发现不同性别、婚姻状况和经济状况的老年人对日常生活服务需求影响突出；年龄、身体状况与老年人的医疗保健服务需求影响突出；年龄、工作状况和健康状况对老年人的精神慰藉服务有很明显的影响；年龄、教育背景、经济状况和健康状况与老年人的休闲娱乐服务需求的关联很大。但是,总体来看,影响社区照顾服务需求的因素是复合的,而非某一个单一因素。由于老年人的供给是以老年人的需求来提供的,本文在研究不同特征的老年人对社区照顾服务需求的基础上对老年人社区照顾服务供给能力进行了评价,通过对老年人社区照顾的供给状况进行描述性分析,为改善社区照顾服务,提高老年人对社区生活的满意度提供参考。最后为文章的思考和建议部分,通过对前文的研究提出以下建议：1、社区照顾服务提供者的应努力适应需要照顾的老年人,为老年人提供日间照料、等综合服务,让老人们在自己熟悉的生活环境中实现养老。2、社区并不全都是免费午餐,我们也不能把社区服务理解为免费午餐,因此家庭照料的职能不能丢弃。3、协助需要照顾人士融入社区,建立以社区建设为基础的专业机构、社会工作者和社区组织介入社会工作,尤其是加快推进社区工作者的职业化建设。4、切实整合资源,助推“以老助老”模式的建立。5、政府与社区建立伙伴关系。6、在新建或改建社区设施时,应当认真考虑有不同经济条件老年人的需求,从实际出发确定不同收费档次设施的建设和管理。7、依靠科技创新来提高社区照顾服务的工作效率,提升其服务水平。 未来随着老年人高龄化、空巢化以及家庭小型化、核心化的发展,教育程度的提高,社区照顾将成为主要的照顾方式。建立以老年人需求为导向的社区照顾服务,对解决老年人的照料问题,构建和谐社会具有深远的意义。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of the aging population in China has led to the increasing burden of the pension security, the high-speed growth of the basic medical insurance fund, the demand of social services, and the rapid expansion of the care demand of the elderly. China, which is moving to the threshold of the ageing society, has been in a position to worry about the worries of the family. This reminds us that the problem of older persons is not only the matter of individual families, but that the whole society should give high priority. The purpose of this paper is to study the demand of the elderly in the community of Xinxiang city to take care of the service, and to further explore the service ability to meet the care needs. The introduction section summarizes the background, the significance of the study, the definition of the related concepts of the community care service, and the related literature, which is the theoretical spread of the whole article. The design of this paper is mainly used in the research of the questionnaire. The questionnaire is mainly composed of three components, including the characteristics of the elderly, the needs of the community care services and the capacity of the community care services. Form. Collect data through the questionnaire and make a statistical analysis of the data Analysis. The service needs determine the foothold of service supply, understand the service demand of the old people in the community, and advance the development of the community care service more effectively To this end, we adjust the community care service needs of the elderly in 12 districts (cities) and counties of Xinxiang City. Query. Descriptive statistics are used in the data analysis In this paper, after the statistical analysis of the questionnaire, it is found that the health care service demand is the most urgent need of the old people, and the second is for the leisure and entertainment service. Please also find that older persons with different gender, marital status and economic conditions have a prominent impact on the needs of daily life services; the impact of age, physical condition and the needs of the health care services of older persons is outstanding; and The age, working conditions and health of the elderly have a clear impact on the mental comfort of the elderly; the age, the educational background, the economic status and the health status are associated with the needs of the leisure and entertainment services of the elderly In general, however, the factors that affect the needs of the community care services are complex rather than a single factor In view of the fact that the supply of the elderly is based on the needs of the elderly, the supply capacity of the community care service of the elderly is evaluated on the basis of the study of the demand of the community care services for the elderly in different characteristics, and the supply status of the community care of the elderly is analyzed in a descriptive way. Analysis, to improve the community care service, to improve the old people's satisfaction with the community life Finally, the author puts forward the following suggestions for the article's thinking and suggestions:1. The community care service providers should work hard to take care of the elderly, provide daytime care for the elderly, and the like The community is not all free lunches, and we can't understand the community service as free lunches, so the function of family care can't be discarded. The establishment of community-based professional institutions, social workers and community-based organizations in social work, in particular, is to speed up the professional construction of community workers.4. Effective integration of resources and boost the establishment of the "to grow old and old" model.5. The government and the community set up a partnership. 6. When the community facilities are newly built or reconstructed, the needs of the elderly in different economic conditions should be carefully considered, and the construction and management of different charging-level facilities shall be determined from the actual conditions.7. The efficiency of the community care service shall be improved by scientific and technological innovation, and the service water shall be improved. In the future, with the aging of the aged, the empty nest and the miniaturization of the family, the development of the core and the improvement of the education level, the community care will become the main picture To establish a community care service oriented with the needs of the elderly, to solve the problem of the care of the elderly and to build a harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.6
本文编号：2486144
[Abstract]:The rapid development of the aging population in China has led to the increasing burden of the pension security, the high-speed growth of the basic medical insurance fund, the demand of social services, and the rapid expansion of the care demand of the elderly. China, which is moving to the threshold of the ageing society, has been in a position to worry about the worries of the family. This reminds us that the problem of older persons is not only the matter of individual families, but that the whole society should give high priority. The purpose of this paper is to study the demand of the elderly in the community of Xinxiang city to take care of the service, and to further explore the service ability to meet the care needs. The introduction section summarizes the background, the significance of the study, the definition of the related concepts of the community care service, and the related literature, which is the theoretical spread of the whole article. The design of this paper is mainly used in the research of the questionnaire. The questionnaire is mainly composed of three components, including the characteristics of the elderly, the needs of the community care services and the capacity of the community care services. Form. Collect data through the questionnaire and make a statistical analysis of the data Analysis. The service needs determine the foothold of service supply, understand the service demand of the old people in the community, and advance the development of the community care service more effectively To this end, we adjust the community care service needs of the elderly in 12 districts (cities) and counties of Xinxiang City. Query. Descriptive statistics are used in the data analysis In this paper, after the statistical analysis of the questionnaire, it is found that the health care service demand is the most urgent need of the old people, and the second is for the leisure and entertainment service. Please also find that older persons with different gender, marital status and economic conditions have a prominent impact on the needs of daily life services; the impact of age, physical condition and the needs of the health care services of older persons is outstanding; and The age, working conditions and health of the elderly have a clear impact on the mental comfort of the elderly; the age, the educational background, the economic status and the health status are associated with the needs of the leisure and entertainment services of the elderly In general, however, the factors that affect the needs of the community care services are complex rather than a single factor In view of the fact that the supply of the elderly is based on the needs of the elderly, the supply capacity of the community care service of the elderly is evaluated on the basis of the study of the demand of the community care services for the elderly in different characteristics, and the supply status of the community care of the elderly is analyzed in a descriptive way. Analysis, to improve the community care service, to improve the old people's satisfaction with the community life Finally, the author puts forward the following suggestions for the article's thinking and suggestions:1. The community care service providers should work hard to take care of the elderly, provide daytime care for the elderly, and the like The community is not all free lunches, and we can't understand the community service as free lunches, so the function of family care can't be discarded. The establishment of community-based professional institutions, social workers and community-based organizations in social work, in particular, is to speed up the professional construction of community workers.4. Effective integration of resources and boost the establishment of the "to grow old and old" model.5. The government and the community set up a partnership. 6. When the community facilities are newly built or reconstructed, the needs of the elderly in different economic conditions should be carefully considered, and the construction and management of different charging-level facilities shall be determined from the actual conditions.7. The efficiency of the community care service shall be improved by scientific and technological innovation, and the service water shall be improved. In the future, with the aging of the aged, the empty nest and the miniaturization of the family, the development of the core and the improvement of the education level, the community care will become the main picture To establish a community care service oriented with the needs of the elderly, to solve the problem of the care of the elderly and to build a harmonious society.
【学位授予单位】：河北经贸大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：C913.6
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 付裕;非营利组织参与城市老年人社区照顾研究[D];华中师范大学;2012年
2 吕洁;社区服务工作的专业化研究[D];首都经济贸易大学;2012年
，本文编号：2486144
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