社会工作与未成年解教人员社会融入问题研究

发布时间：2019-06-19 06:16

【摘要】：党的十八报告中指出：“加强和创新社会管理,改进政府提供公共服务方式,引导社会组织健康有序发展,充分发挥群众参与社会管理的基础作用,完善和创新流动人口和特殊人群管理服务。”未成年解教人员作为一个特殊的社会弱势群体,其社会融入问题已经引起党和国家的高度关注。解决他们的社会融入问题,不仅关系到该群体的健康成长,也是构建和谐社会和创新社会管理的重要内容。社会工作作为优化社会服务的重要手段之一,对恢复和发展未成年解教人员的社会功能、促进其社会融入、维护社会的稳定具有重要的作用。本文立足于社会工作系统理论和增权的分析理论,运用社会学的定性研究方法,对长沙市8名未成年解教人员进行个案访谈。在资料整理的基础上,深入分析了未成年解教人员的社会融入现状和融入困境,探讨了在社会工作理论的指导下,如何帮助未成年解教人员走出困境并顺利地融入社会,并在此基础上提出了相应的对策。本研究结果表明：未成年解教人员在身份融入、家庭融入、社会交往融入、职业融入层面存在很多问题。其身份融入问题表现为身份认同边缘化、社会归属感低；家庭融入问题表现为家庭结构不完整、家庭矛盾突出,心理负担重、内心感受易被忽视；社会交往融入问题表现为缺少正确的交往意识、交往能力有待提高,社会资本单一、支持网络薄弱,社会排斥感强、社会参与程度低；职业融入的问题表现为人力资本低、就业渠道狭窄,工作的满意程度低。社会工作作为化解社会矛盾、促进社会公平、维护弱势群体权益的有效手段,应充分利用其专业优势促进未成年解教人员的社会融入。本文在整合社会工作系统理论和增权理论的基础上,运用个案、小组、社区等社会工作方法,充分利用各种社会资源,促进未成年解教人员的社会融入。可以从以下几个方面入手：一是社会工作应注重提高未成年解教人员自身能力素质。二是社会工作应注重改善未成年解教人员的环境系统。三是社会工作应注重倡导社会政策的变革。
[Abstract]:In its eighteenth report, the Party pointed out: "strengthen and innovate social management, improve the way the government provides public services, guide the healthy and orderly development of social organizations, give full play to the basic role of mass participation in social management, and improve and innovate the management services of floating population and special groups." As a special social vulnerable group, the social integration of minors has attracted great attention of the party and the state. Solving their social integration problem is not only related to the healthy growth of the group, but also an important part of building a harmonious society and innovative social management. As one of the important means to optimize social service, social work plays an important role in restoring and developing the social function of minors, promoting their social integration and maintaining social stability. Based on the theory of social work system and the theory of empowerment, this paper uses the qualitative research method of sociology to interview 8 minors in Changsha. On the basis of data collation, this paper deeply analyzes the present situation and predicament of the social integration of the minors, probes into how to help the minors out of the predicament and integrate into the society smoothly under the guidance of the theory of social work, and puts forward some corresponding countermeasures on this basis. The results of this study show that there are many problems in identity integration, family integration, social communication integration and occupational integration. The problem of identity integration is characterized by marginalization of identity and low sense of social belonging; family integration is characterized by incomplete family structure, prominent family contradictions, heavy psychological burden and easy to ignore inner feelings. The problem of social integration is the lack of correct communication consciousness, communication ability to be improved, single social capital, weak support network, strong sense of social exclusion and low degree of social participation, and the problem of social integration is characterized by lack of correct communication consciousness, lack of communication ability, single social capital, weak support network, strong sense of social exclusion and low degree of social participation. The problems of occupational integration are low human capital, narrow employment channels and low job satisfaction. As an effective means to resolve social contradictions, promote social equity and safeguard the rights and interests of vulnerable groups, social work should make full use of its professional advantages to promote the social integration of minors. On the basis of integrating the theory of social work system and the theory of empowerment, this paper makes full use of all kinds of social resources to promote the social integration of minors by using social work methods such as cases, groups, communities and so on. We can start from the following aspects: first, social work should pay attention to improving the ability and quality of minors. Second, social work should pay attention to improving the environmental system of minors. Third, social work should pay attention to advocating the reform of social policy.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：C916;C913.5

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