养老机构护理员的职业认同与职业需求研究

发布时间：2019-07-05 08:19

【摘要】：随着我国人口老龄化的加剧,慢性疾病的患病几率的逐渐增高,老年人的生活自理能力逐渐下降,不仅给老年人带来了生活上的困难,也影响了老年人的身心健康。同时,家庭结构的转变,导致“四二一”家庭,核心、空巢家庭的增多,老年人完全依靠家庭照料已显得力不从心,需要依靠外界的力量提供一系列多元化的长期护理服务,养老护理员应运而生。它在一定程度上减轻了家庭负担,同时提高了老年人的生活质量。因此,我们要明确养老护理员在长期护理服务中的重要地位,关注老人就要先关注养老护理员。本文采用文献研究法、问卷调查法和访谈法,从职业认同和职业需求两方面对养老机构中的护理员进行研究。首先,通过对两家机构养老护理员的现状及其异同进行分析,归纳养老护理员的群体特征。其次,职业认同感的程度影响着养老护理员对工作的态度,进而影响着护理服务的质量。研究发现,机构养老护理员对职业的认同感偏低,原因在于工资待遇偏低、工作繁重、工作时间不规律等等。这些因素不仅会导致护理员的负面情绪增加,影响其身心健康以及对工作的归属感；也会导致流动程度增加,流失更多的护理员。笔者进而发掘养老护理员自身的职业需求,主要包括提高工资待遇、福利政策的保障、法律保障、付出能够得到认可、定期组织培训。最后,笔者尝试在社会支持视角下,分别从政府层面、社会层面、机构层面和社会工作层面提出一些建议,对于提高护理员对工作的认同感和服务的积极性有重要的作用,有益于促进社会福利和推进养老护理业的发展。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of the aging population and the increasing probability of chronic diseases, the self-care ability of the elderly is gradually declining, which not only brings difficulties to the elderly, but also affects the physical and mental health of the elderly. At the same time, the transformation of family structure has led to the increase of "421" family, core and empty nest family. The elderly have become unable to rely entirely on family care. They need to rely on the outside world to provide a series of diversified long-term nursing services, and old-age nursing staff emerge as the times require. To a certain extent, it reduces the burden on the family and improves the quality of life of the elderly. Therefore, we should make clear the important position of old-age nursing staff in long-term nursing service, and pay attention to old-age nursing staff first. In this paper, literature research, questionnaire survey and interview are used to study the nursing staff in pension institutions from two aspects of professional identity and professional needs. First of all, through the analysis of the present situation and similarities and differences of the old-age nursing staff in the two institutions, the group characteristics of the old-age nursing staff are summarized. Secondly, the degree of occupational identity affects the attitude of nursing staff to work, and then affects the quality of nursing service. It is found that the identity of institutional nursing staff to occupation is on the low side, which is due to the low salary, heavy work, irregular working hours and so on. These factors will not only lead to the increase of negative emotion of nursing staff, affect their physical and mental health and sense of belonging to work, but also lead to the increase of mobility and the loss of more nursing staff. The author further explores the professional needs of pension care workers, including the improvement of wages, welfare policy protection, legal security, pay can be recognized, regular organization of training. Finally, from the perspective of social support, the author tries to put forward some suggestions from the government level, social level, institutional level and social work level, which plays an important role in improving the identity of nursing staff to work and the enthusiasm of service, and is beneficial to promote social welfare and promote the development of old-age nursing industry.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：C913.2;C912.6

【引证文献】