美国区域间主义研究

发布时间：2018-01-03 14:28

本文关键词：美国区域间主义研究　出处：《南京大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：区域间主义是不同区域之间的制度化的关系,它能促进国际关系的制度化,已成为全球治理的一个新的层级。20世纪90年代以来,随着全球化和区域化的不断加快,区域间主义也逐渐进入发展的快车道。本文以区域间主义理论为框架,回顾了美国在不同历史时期区域间主义进程的不同特点,从中总结出美国区域间主义的动因和现实特性,并重点探究了美国区域间主义与全球治理的关系,对美国区域间主义参与治理的前景进行了展望。本文共分为导论、正文、结束语三个部分。导论部分对文章选题意义、国内外研究现状、论文思路和框架进行了介绍和阐释。正文的第一章介绍了区域间主义的理论框架,重点探究了大国参与和主导的准区域间主义的研究现状和意义。首先,本章梳理了学术界关于区域间主义概念的不同定义和认识,并在此基础上对区域间主义的类型进行了归纳；其次,结合实证论述了区域间主义的功能；最后,重点探究了大国与区域间主义,即“准区域间主义”,指出既有的区域间主义研究存在的不足,即没有将大国参与和主导的准区域间主义纳入区域间主义的概念化之中,在此基础上论述了大国参与和主导的区域间主义的发展空间和意义。第二章对美国区域间主义的进程进行了分析。本章将这一进程分为二战之前、二战至冷战时期、冷战结束后三个不同的历史阶段,每个阶段都有不同的特点和变化。二战前,美国区域间主义基本局限于政治合作,其主要体现是美洲国家组织。尽管建立美洲国家组织是美国和拉美双方的共同意愿,但从实际来看,美国无疑主导了这一区域间主义进程,这其实也是美国对拉美进行区域治理的过程。美国的介入使得拉美国家长期以来成功抵御了包括法西斯在内的外部势力的干预和入侵。未来美国在拉美的区域间主义进程和治理还有较大空间和潜力。冷战时期,美国区域间主义主要体现是北约,合作领域以军事安全领域为主。由于历史和现实的原因,对欧政策长期占据美国对外政策的中心位置。美国不断介入欧洲事务的进程其实也是对欧洲进行区域治理的过程,而北约则是美国对欧洲进行区域治理的主要依靠工具,并且美国在北约发挥了主导作用。借助于北约这—区域间组织,美国很好地实现了“排除苏联、限制德国、确保美国在欧洲存在”的目的。同时,美国对欧洲的区域治理还促进了欧洲一体化的发展。冷战后,美国区域间合作开始侧重经济领域等,区域间主义进程的范围和领域也更加广泛和多样化。这一部分的重点是冷战后美国区域间主义的新进展、新变化,即围绕美洲自由贸易区进行的谈判及合作进程反映了美国在美洲影响力下降的端倪；北约的扩大和政治功能的强化说明美国还将在欧洲继续存在和发挥影响；美国积极参与TPP进程则反映了其亚洲战略的变化,希望借此来树立和强化自己作为亚太国家的身份及和存在的合法存在,以及在亚太地区来制衡中国日益扩大的影响力。第三章阐释了美国区域间主义的动因和现实特性。首先揭示美国区域间主义的战略目标,包括制衡、制度建设、认同建构、治理等,认为区域间主义一直在美国外交中发挥着重要作用,成为构成美国外交战略的重要组成部分和实现美国外交战略的主要工具。其次是论述美国区域间主义的特性,包括“霸权”和“功利化” 第四章探讨了美国区域间主义与全球治理的关系。美国是当今世界唯一的超级大国,也是唯一具有在全球多个领域行动能力的国家。从二战结束至今,美国在处理全球事务和治理全球公共问题中一直发挥着至关重要的作用。美国在全球治理领域的战略、政策及行动对全球治理架构具有举足轻重的影响。美国区域间主义是其区域主义战略的一种延伸,对区域(如欧洲、美洲、亚洲、非洲等)治理起着重要作用。本章还论述了美国区域间主义对全球治理影响。结语部分对美国区域间主义及治理潜力进行了展望,认为区域间主义无疑具有促进正在形成的全球治理体系的潜力,并且这种潜力还未得到有效地开发利用。民族国家,尤其是作为超级大国的美国拥有更好地参与治理的机会。
[Abstract]:Interregionalism is the institutionalized relationship between different regions, it can promote the institutionalization of international relations, has since become a new level of.20 century global governance in 90s, along with the globalization and regional integration is accelerating, fast lane interregionalism has gradually entered the development. Based on the regional theory the framework, reviews the different characteristics of American region in different historical periods between the process, summed up the characteristics and realistic reason of American interregionalism from, and focuses on the relationship between the United States interregionalism and global governance, the United States interregionalism governance prospect.
This article is divided into three parts: introduction, text, and concluding remarks.
The introduction part introduces and explains the significance of the article, the current research situation at home and abroad, the idea and frame of the paper.
The first chapter introduces the theoretical framework of inter regionalism, focuses on the research status and significance of country participation and quasi regional leading the theory. Firstly, this chapter reviews the academic circles about the interregionalism concept definition and understanding, and on the basis of the regional doctrine types are summarized secondly, combined with the empirical; discusses the function of inter regionalism; finally, focuses on the country and interregionalism, namely "quasi inter regionalism", pointed out the deficiencies of the existing doctrine between regions, there is no quasi regional participation and leading into the concept of "inter regional protectionism. In this paper based on the development of space power participation and leading interregionalism and significance.
The second chapter of American interregionalism are analyzed. This chapter will before this process is divided into the Second World War, World War II and the cold war, after the end of the cold war in three different historical stages, each stage has different characteristics and changes. Before the Second World War, America interregionalism basically confined to the political cooperation, the main is the organization of American States. Although the establishment of the organization of American States is the common aspiration of both the United States and Latin America, but from a practical point of view, the United States has dominated the interregionalism process, this process is actually the United States to Latin America regional governance. American involvement in Latin American countries have long resisted fascist intervention, including the external forces and invasion. The future of the United States in this interregional governance process and there is a large space and potential. During the cold war, the United States interregionalism is mainly North About, cooperation in the field of military security. Due to historical and practical reasons, the center of American foreign policy has long taken a policy on Europe. America continued involvement in European affairs process is also on the European regional governance, but NATO is mainly rely on the tools of American Governance to the region of Europe and the United States. Played a leading role in NATO. With the help of the NATO regional organization, the good implementation of the "exclusion limit the Soviet Union, Germany, to ensure that the United States existence in Europe". At the same time, the United States of the European region governance also promoted the development of European Integration. After the cold war, the United States began to focus on regional cooperation the economic field, the scope of interregionalism process and fields are more extensive and diverse. This part focuses on the new progress in the United States after the cold war, interregionalism new changes, namely Wei Around the FTAA negotiations and cooperation process reflects the decline in American influence signs; the expansion of NATO and the intensification of the political function that the United States will also continue to exist in Europe and the United States exert influence; actively participate in the process of TPP reflected the change of its Asian strategy, hoping to establish and strengthen itself as Asia Pacific the national identity and the existence and legal existence, and in the Asia Pacific region to balance China growing influence.
The third chapter explains the motivation and the features of the reality of American inter regionalism. First reveals the strategic target, America interregionalism including balance, system construction, identity construction, governance, think interregionalism has been in the United States diplomacy plays an important role, has become an important part of American diplomatic strategy and the main tool to realize the United States diplomatic strategy. Secondly it discusses characteristics of American inter regionalism, including "hegemony" and "utilitarian"
The fourth chapter discusses the relationship between the United States interregionalism and global governance. The United States is the only superpower in the world, and only in a number of areas with global action ability of the country. Since the end of World War II, the United States in world affairs and governance of global public issues in a straight play a vital role in the field of American strategy. Global governance, policy and action have important influence on global governance. The United States interregionalism is an extension of the regionalism strategy, the region (such as Europe, America, Asia, Africa etc.) governance plays an important role. This chapter also discusses the influence of American interregionalism on global governance.
The conclusion part has carried on the forecast to the American inter regionalism and governance that potential, interregionalism undoubtedly has promote is the formation of the global governance system's potential, and this potential has not been effectively exploited. The nation, especially as a superpower the United States has a better chance to participate in governance.

【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D871.2

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