对外援助的动机分析—经验研究与中国对策

发布时间：2018-02-01 06:38

本文关键词： 对外援助经济利益动机对策建议　出处：《河北工业大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对外援助是国际政治经济关系中一个存在已久的现象,是一国获得经济利益的重要途径。现实主义等对外援助理论认为对外援助已经成为援助国获取国家利益的重要手段,特别是获得本国的经济利益,即援助国通过向受援国提供对外援助为本国企业出口商品和服务开辟市场,为本国对外直接投资铺平道路,参与受援国能源资源的开发和供应,保障国内能源资源供应等。对外援助动机是援助国进行援助活动的动力,决定着援助国如何选择受援国、援助内容和援助方式等,同时还直接关系着如何评价援助国对外援助所取得的成效,因此本文以主要DAC成员和新兴援助国为研究对象,研究援助国对外援助的动机,是否如前面所说是为了获得本家的经济利益。首先,本文对DAC成员和新兴援助国对外援助的现状进行了简单介绍,并对对外援助动机的研究背景、研究意义和研究对象进行了一般性地概括。在研究援助国对外援助动机的问题上,发现美国、德国、法国、英国和日本在对外援助领域中具有重要地位,因此本文在研究DAC成员(即传统援助国)对外援助动机问题上主要选取这五个国家为主要研究对象进行研究。在南南合作中印度和中国起到主要的推动作用,所以选取印度和中国作为研究新兴援助国对外援助动机的对象。其次,通过总结国外大量文献中使用的研究理论、变量和实证方法,分析影响对外援助的影响因素,本文选取了更多能够反映援助国对外援助动机的变量,并建立模型方程,使用Stata软件和相应计量分析方法分析各变量对对外援助的显著性影响,再从显著性变量中找到相对应的对外援助动机。由实证结果可以发现,经济动机是各国对外援助的首要和主要动机,对外援助已成为援助国获取经济利益的主要手段。再次,本文对新兴援助国的定义、其对外援助的发展和动机等进行了一般性地理论介绍,并对印度和中国对外援助的分配现状进行介绍,发现这两个国家在对外援助的动机方面具有各自的特点,印度对外援助的动机具有地域性,而中国对外援助动机具有时代特征,但是在当代经济动机已经成为两国对外援助的首要动机。最后,在当代对外援助环境下,对外援助的经济动机已成为大部分援助国提供援助的首要动机,结合对外援助的特点和存在的问题,本文对中国对外援助如何做到互利共赢,实现对外援助中的经济动机提出了四点建议。
[Abstract]:Foreign aid is a long-standing phenomenon in the international political and economic relations, is an important way for a country to obtain economic benefits. Realism theory believes that foreign aid has become an important means of foreign aid assistance in obtaining the interests of the state, especially for their own economic interests, which aid in providing foreign assistance to the recipient opens the market for domestic enterprises, exports of goods and services, paving the way for foreign direct investment, development and supply of energy and resources involved in the protection of domestic energy resources supply. Foreign aid motivation is a dynamic state aid assistance activities, determines how to choose the recipient of aid, aid and assistance content etc, but also directly related how to evaluate the country's foreign aid assistance achievements, so this paper takes the main members of DAC and emerging donors as the research object, research China's foreign aid assistance motivation, whether as previously mentioned is to obtain his economic benefits. First of all, the status of the members of DAC and emerging donors of foreign aid were introduced, and the research background of foreign aid motivation, research significance and research object for the general summary. In the Research Assistance China's foreign aid motivation, found in the United States, Germany, France, Britain and Japan has an important position in the field of foreign aid, so in this paper, the members of the DAC (i.e., traditional donors) of foreign aid on the main motive of choosing these five countries as the main research object. India and Chinese played a major the role in promoting South South cooperation, so choose India as the research object and China emerging donors of foreign aid motivation. Secondly, through the research on the theory of using a large number of foreign literature in summary, Variables and empirical methods, analysis of influence factors of foreign aid, the more can reflect the country's foreign aid assistance motivation variables, and establish the model equation, using the Stata software and the corresponding quantitative analysis method for the analysis of the significant influence of each variable on foreign aid, and then find the corresponding foreign aid motivation from the significant variables from the empirical results show that economic motivation is the primary motivation of foreign aid and main countries, foreign aid has become the main means of assistance in obtaining economic benefits. Once again, the definition of emerging donors, the foreign aid development and motivation are introduced the general theory, and distribution situation of India and Chinese foreign aid were introduced, found that the two countries have their own characteristics in the motivation of foreign aid, India foreign aid motivation has regional, and China foreign aid motivation has the characteristics of the times, but in the motivation of contemporary economy has become the primary motive of the two foreign aid. Finally, in the contemporary environment of foreign aid, foreign aid has become the primary economic motivation motivation to provide assistance to most donor countries, combined with the characteristics of foreign aid and the existing problems, this paper on how to China foreign aid to achieve win-win situation, to achieve foreign aid in economic incentives put forward four proposals.

【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D81;D822

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