欧盟网络安全治理研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 15:02

  本文关键词： 欧盟治理 网络安全 网络安全治理 全球治理 非传统安全 多层治理　出处：《外交学院》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：国际互联网技术作为20世纪最伟大的发明之一,极大地改变了人类生产生活方式,网络虚拟空间也已经扩展渗透于政治、经济、文化和安全等各个领域,成为各国关注的“第五域”。与此同时,网络空间本身存在的技术和安全漏洞造成了网络攻击威胁,而传统的安全隐患与之相结合形成的网络犯罪、网络恐怖主义等非传统安全问题也呈现出愈加复杂的趋势,成为全球性的治理难题。欧盟因其独特的地理文化环境、电信产业发展历程以及欧洲一体化背景,形成了其网络安全治理碎片化和一体化并存、传统威胁与新型隐患交织的复杂局势。通过从源头上追溯互联网在欧洲扎根、应用并快速普及的历史,描述欧盟电信业的和网络发展的概况,可以总结出欧盟面临的不断更新的治理难题,以此为对象形成欧盟网络安全治理的目标和原则。欧盟网络安全治理的短期目标是遏制网络攻击对基础设施造成的危害、减少网络犯罪引发的损失、预防网络恐怖主义事件的发生,长期目标则是增强网络防御能力、在欧盟内建设一体化的网络防御体系、促进欧美认同的全球网络安全治理理念和机制。在此目标指导下,欧盟建立了网络安全法律框架与组织体系相结合的治理机制,在“欧盟-成员国-民间”三个层面上调动各利益攸关方参与到治理进程中。欧盟网络安全治理实践大致可分为三个阶段:20世纪末的网络数据安全治理阶段、2001年“9.11事件”后的网络非传统安全综合治理阶段和2013年“棱镜门事件”后顶层设计和全面治理阶段。随着欧盟网络安全治理进程的推进,欧盟各机构和各国间协调更加有力,治理措施日益丰富并取得了显著的成效,体现出鲜明的共同体特色。除了网络安全内部实践,欧盟也重视与全球其他行为体的合作。在欧盟对外行动署和各国外事部门的协调下,欧盟积极参加联合国、国际电联、ICANN(互联网名称与数字地址分配机构)等多边机构的合作,参与并组织召开全球网络安全治理会议,力促国际网络安全公约的形成。欧盟与美国以其相似的治理理念和共同利益,双方保持着密切的双边合作,积极维护欧美理念下的国际网络空间秩序。但随着欧盟内外局势的恶化,欧盟也日益重视与广大欠发达国家和新兴国家的互动,在治理“数字鸿沟”、联合打击地中海周边网络恐怖主义、治理网络走私诈骗犯罪、共同应对网络霸权主义等问题上与亚非拉国家和金砖国家开展合作,以保障其域内网络安全局势并增强国际网络治理话语权。经过二十余年的治理,欧盟网络安全防御能力得到了大幅提升,在遏制网络犯罪和网络恐怖主义方面成果显著,欧盟的网络价值理念也受到了一定的国际认同。然而,欧盟的治理体制和措施仍存在诸多问题,随着网络技术的不断迭代发展,新的更棘手的问题层出不穷,对欧盟的网络安全治理提出了新的挑战。通过研究欧盟的网络安全治理,对我国的网络治理和与欧盟开展相关合作也有一定的参考和指导意义。
[Abstract]:Internet technology as one of the greatest inventions of twentieth Century, has greatly changed the mode of production and life, the network virtual space has also expanded penetration in the political, economic, cultural and security fields, become the attention of all countries in the "fifth field". At the same time, the network itself has the space technology and security vulnerabilities caused by network attacks the traditional security threats, and combined with the formation of cyber crime, cyber terrorism and other non-traditional security issues is also showing a more complex trend, become the governance problem worldwide. The EU because of its unique geographical and cultural environment, the development of telecom industry and the background of European integration, the formation of the coexistence of its network security governance fragmentation the complex situation and integration, intertwined traditional threat and risks. By tracing the model from the source of the Internet root in Europe, should be used and fast The popularity of the history, the development of the description of the telecommunications industry and the network, can be summed up in the EU is facing renewed governance problems, so as to form the objectives and principles of the EU network security governance as the object. The short-term goal of EU cybersecurity governance is to curb the harm of network attacks on the infrastructure by reducing network loss, cause of crime the prevention of terrorism, network events, the long-term goal is to enhance network defense capabilities, network defense system integration in the EU, to promote global governance and network security identity concept and mechanism. This goal under the guidance of the EU has established a governance mechanism that combines network security legal framework and organization system, in the "three a level of EU members - Folk" mobilize all stakeholders to participate in the governance process. The governance practice of network security can be divided into Three stages: the stage of network security governance data at the end of twentieth Century, in 2001 the "9.11 incident" after the network of non traditional security comprehensive management stage and the 2013 "prism" after the top-level design and overall governance stage. With the network security management to promote the process of EU institutions and coordination among the countries more powerful measures increasingly rich and have achieved remarkable results, reflect the distinctive characteristics of the community. In addition to internal network security practice, the EU also attaches great importance to the cooperation with other global behavior. In the coordination of EU external action department and the foreign affairs department, the EU actively participated in the UN, ITU, ICANN (ICANN) multilateral agencies such as cooperation, participate in and organize the global network security management conference, urged the International Convention for the safety of network formation. The European Union and the United States similar to its The concept of governance and common interests, the two sides have maintained close bilateral cooperation, to maintain international order in cyberspace and ideas. But with the deterioration of the situation inside and outside the European Union, the European Union also pay more attention to the interaction with less developed countries and emerging countries, in the governance of the "digital divide", the joint fight against cyber terrorism around the Mediterranean, governance network smuggling crime, jointly cope with the network hegemony problems with African countries and the BRICs cooperation, in order to protect the security situation in the domain of network and strengthen the international network governance discourse. After twenty years of governance, the network security defense ability has been greatly improved, to curb cyber crime and cyber terrorism with remarkable achievements. The concept of value network to the EU has also received certain international recognition. However, management system and measures of the EU still exists in many With the continuous, iterative development of network technology, more difficult problems emerge in an endless stream of new, puts forward new challenges to network security governance in the European Union. Through the study of network security governance in the European Union, the network governance in China and the European Union to carry out the relevant and also has certain reference and guiding significance.

【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D814.1;TP393.08
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本文编号：1530672