20世纪70-80年代美印关系调整研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 19:39

本文关键词： 尼克松政府里根政府美印关系调整　出处：《云南师范大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪70-80年代的美国对印外交政策的调整主要是在尼克松、福特、卡特、里根四位总统任期内实行。尼克松总统上台后实行的尼克松主义是收缩美国全球态势的政策。但收缩不是取消而是调整,通过这些调整,试图使美国能更长久更牢靠地维护其利益。根据国内外局势,美国对印度地区的策略不得不服从于他的全球战略计划,竭尽全力避免使印度地区成为不安定因素,所以美国采取一系列措施使南亚地区特别是印度尽可能稳定下来。尼克松下台以后,福特基本延续了其前任的南亚政策,未做大的改动,但是值得注意的就是福特认为南亚地区的稳定有赖于改善美印两国之间的关系,在他的任期内他也非常注意做到这一点。到1976年卡特上任时,他提倡美国与南亚所有国家发展不偏不倚的国家关系,所有国家一视同仁。这一政策使美印关系得到了一些改善,里根执政时,出于冷战形势发展的需要,美国大大提高了南亚地区在其全球战略中的地位,与此同时,发展加强与印度的关系也越来越得到重视。本文内容除了绪论和结语部分外,主要分为三章,第一章主要介绍20世纪70-80年代的美印关系调整的表现以及这一时期美印关系调整的特点。第二章重点分析美印关系调整的原因,分别从国际背景、美国及印度三个方面进行分析。第三章主要分析美印关系调整的影响,分别从对两国自身的影响、周边国家的影响和对中国的影响来展开论述,对周边国家影响包括对南亚地区国家尤其对巴基斯坦的影响突出出来,以及对中国的影响和中国对美印关系调整的对策。本文通过梳理20世纪70-80年代美印关系的调整,分析了美印关系调整的主要因素,以揭示美印关系的调整给当时的国际关系带来的影响。说明从尼克松政府时期到里根政府时期对印度的政策变化是统筹在美国的全球战略大体系之下,其本质上是为了维护美国自身的利益。
[Abstract]:In 20th century, the adjustment of American foreign policy to India in the 1970s and 1980s was mainly carried out by Nixon, Ford and Carter. During the four years of Reagan's presidency, President Nixon's Nixon doctrine was a policy of shrinking the global posture of the United States. But the contraction was not a cancellation but an adjustment, through these adjustments. In an attempt to enable the United States to defend its interests for a longer and more secure period of time and in the light of the domestic and foreign situation, the United States strategy for the Indian region has had to follow its global strategic plan and do its utmost to avoid turning the Indian region into a destabilizing factor. So the United States has taken a series of measures to make South Asia, especially India, as stable as possible. After Nixon stepped down, Ford basically extended his predecessor's South Asia policy without major changes. But it is worth noting that Ford believes that stability in South Asia depends on improving relations between the United States and India, and that during his term in office he also paid great attention to doing so. By the time Carter took office in 1976, He advocated the development of unbiased relations between the United States and all countries in South Asia, without discrimination. This policy has led to some improvements in US-India relations. When Reagan was in power, he was in need of the development of the Cold War situation. The United States has greatly enhanced the position of the South Asian region in its global strategy. At the same time, more and more attention has been paid to the development and strengthening of relations with India. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, this paper is mainly divided into three chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the performance of the adjustment of the US-India relationship in the 1970s and 1980s in 20th century and the characteristics of the adjustment of the US-Indian relationship in this period. The second chapter focuses on the analysis of the reasons for the adjustment of the US-India relationship, respectively from the international background. The third chapter mainly analyzes the impact of the adjustment of US-India relations, respectively, from the impact on the two countries themselves, the influence of the neighboring countries and the impact on China. The influence on the neighboring countries, including the influence on South Asian countries, especially on Pakistan, as well as the influence on China and the countermeasures to adjust China's relations with the United States and India, are highlighted. This paper reviews the adjustment of US-India relations in the 1970s and 1980s in 20th century. The main factors in the adjustment of US-India relations are analyzed. In order to reveal the impact of the adjustment of US-India relations on the international relations at that time. It shows that the changes in policy towards India from the Nixon administration to the Reagan administration were coordinated under the global strategic system of the United States. Its essence is to defend America's own interests.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D871.2;D835.1

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