中美基金会对外活动比较研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 07:33

本文选题：中国基金会　切入点：美国基金会　出处：《中共中央党校》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：1981年新中国第一个基金会——中国少年儿童基金会成立，基金会开始参与到社会分工中来，关注社会问题，承担社会责任，探寻社会发展的有效方法。改革开放以来，全球化和信息技术革命给我们带来了西方政治文化和理念制度，国外基金会的优秀成果和实践经验也不断革新着我国基金会的观念。伴随着社会主义市场经济的逐步深入发展，基金会制度不断成熟，国内学者也不再局限于基金会内部治理、基金会法律制度构建等问题的研究，开始关注我国基金会的外部影响力情况，基金会与国际政治、公共政策等领域的关系进入了议题之中。近年来，中国的经济、政治实力都有很大的提高，也开始加入到以意识形态、价值观念、制度模式、政治主张、民族精神、国家形象、文化传统影响力等“软实力”的竞争中。本文便是希望通过总结分析中国基金会的现有国际活动情况，同时与美国基金会发展中优秀、成功的事例为对比，为我国基金会更好的参与国际活动、更好的参与到中国公共外交活动中提供参考。全文共分为四部分：第一部分简要阐述了中美两国不同的基金会概念和特征，并对基金会研究中的相关问题，如非政府组织与基金会的关系，民间外交与公共外交的区别和联系，基金会在公共外交中的作用做了分析。文章认为作为一种特殊的非政府组织——基金会无论是在早期的民间外交，还是如今蓬勃发展的公共外交中，都是重要的行为体。第二部分主要回溯了我国基金会的发展现状，其中重点探讨了中国宋庆龄基金会、中国扶贫基金会和中国青少年发展基金会参与国际活动的情况，其中，宋庆龄基金会的对外活动重在国际交流，而扶贫基金会和青基会已经开始走出国门，参与到国际救助的活动中。研究认为，，我国基金会整体上参与国际活动能力不强，但个别基金会已经意识到了走向国际舞台的重要性，并能在实际工作中开展一些国际救援活动。第三部分探讨了美国基金会的发展状况，并重点探讨了福特基金会与中国的关系，以及作为官私结合的富布莱特项目对华公共外交中的重要作用。文章认为基金会单独或与美国政府进行合作，在中国通过项目的开展，对其慈善行为和价值理念进行传播，使基金会成为美国对华外交活动不可分割的一部分。第四部分主要从发展历程、文化传统和对外活动三方面分析了中美基金会的区别，并通过这种有益的比较对我国基金会的国际发展和公共外交提出了建议，一方面国家应该给予政策保证，另一方面基金会内部制度也应予以完善，同时积极促进跨国企业的参与，和公民慈善理念的宣传；在对外活动方面，基金会对外援助领域、援助方式和援助项目分布都应该适当的扩展。
[Abstract]:In 1981, the first foundation of the people's Republic of China, the China Children's Fund, was established. The Foundation began to participate in the social division of labor, pay attention to social problems, assume social responsibility, and explore effective methods for social development. Since the reform and opening up, Globalization and the revolution of information technology have brought us western political culture and idealistic systems, and the outstanding achievements and practical experience of foreign foundations have been constantly innovating the concept of our country's foundation, which has been accompanied by the gradual and in-depth development of the socialist market economy. With the development of the foundation system, the domestic scholars are no longer confined to the study of the internal governance of the foundation, the construction of the legal system of the foundation, and begin to pay attention to the external influence of the foundation in our country, the foundation and the international politics. In recent years, China's economic and political strength has been greatly improved, and it has also begun to join in the fields of ideology, values, institutional models, political propositions, national spirit, and national image. In the competition of "soft power", such as the influence of cultural tradition, this paper hopes to summarize and analyze the existing international activities of the Chinese Foundation, and at the same time compare it with the outstanding and successful examples of the development of the American Foundation. For our foundation to better participate in international activities, better participation in China's public diplomacy activities to provide reference. The full text is divided into four parts:. The first part briefly describes the different concepts and characteristics of foundations in China and the United States, and discusses the relevant issues in the study of foundations, such as the relationship between non-governmental organizations and foundations, the differences and links between folk diplomacy and public diplomacy. This paper analyzes the role of foundations in public diplomacy. As a special non-governmental organization, Foundation is considered to be an important actor in both the early folk diplomacy and the booming public diplomacy. The second part mainly reviews the current situation of foundation development in China, which focuses on the participation of Song Qingling Foundation, China Poverty Alleviation Foundation and China Youth Development Foundation in international activities. The focus of the Song Qingling Foundation's external activities is on international exchanges, while the Poverty Alleviation Foundation and the Green Exchange Foundation have begun to go abroad to participate in international relief activities. The study believes that the Chinese foundation as a whole is not strong enough to participate in international activities. But individual foundations have recognized the importance of moving onto the international stage and have been able to carry out international relief activities in practice. The third part discusses the development of the American Foundation, and focuses on the relationship between the Ford Foundation and China. And the important role of the Fulbright Program, as a combination of government and private, in the public diplomacy of China. The article holds that the Foundation works alone or in cooperation with the US government to spread its charitable behavior and value concept in China through the development of the program. To make the foundation an integral part of U. S. diplomatic activities with China. The 4th part mainly analyzes the differences between China and America Foundation from the three aspects of development history, cultural tradition and foreign activities, and puts forward some suggestions on the international development and public diplomacy of China Foundation through this beneficial comparison. On the one hand, the state should give policy guarantees, on the other hand, the internal system of the Foundation should also be improved, and at the same time, it should actively promote the participation of multinational enterprises and the promotion of civic philanthropy. Aid patterns and distribution of aid programs should be appropriately expanded.
【学位授予单位】：中共中央党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D871.2;D632.9

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