国际气候谈判中的小岛屿国家联盟

发布时间：2018-03-16 03:21

本文选题：气候谈判　切入点：小岛屿国家联盟　出处：《外交学院》2012年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：气候变化为人类需共同面对的课题，涉及政治、经济、科技、伦理等多方面领域，关系到未来世界的可持续发展。对于最易受到气候变化带来海平面上升威胁的小岛屿发展中国家来说，充分参与全球气候谈判是关系最高国家利益、必须完成的政治任务。自成立以来，作为全球气候谈判中小岛屿发展中国家的特别游说及谈判代表，小岛屿国家联盟积极履行其职责，全力为其成员国和观察员国争取发展机会和生存空间。从某种程度上，全球气候谈判对于发展中国家来说意味着要保障发展权，对于发达国家来说意味着量化减排责任，但对于特殊的小岛屿国家联盟却意味着“生死存亡”的争夺。这也就不难理解其相对激进的利益诉求，如将大气中的温室气体含量长期稳定在350ppm二氧化碳当量及将全球平均表面温度控制在比工业化前水平升高1.5摄氏度以内。小岛屿国家联盟对全球政治经济影响力极为有限，因此获得国际社会的关注绝非易事。尽管如此，在联合国气候变化框架公约的系列重要谈判以及联合国可持续发展大会等高规格国际会议中，小岛屿国家联盟通过自身的努力、清晰的定位以及得当的谈判策略，越来越多地获得国际社会关注，并在国际会议的成果文件中争取到更多权益。小岛屿国家联盟站在道德高度主动出击，联合志同道合的合作伙伴，利用非政府组织的法律和技术支持，快速形成鲜明的立场和规范的提案，赢得国际社会的同情、关注和支持。这不仅是小岛屿国家联盟争取生存及发展权利迫切性的体现，，也是运用谈判策略得当的结果。中国与小岛屿国家联盟的合作与对话至今还不够成熟，但是双方都重视维系发展中国家阵营大局，力争开拓合理可行的合作机制。中国是否能够团结小岛屿国家联盟在气候谈判中形成统一而强大的发展中国家声音，敦促发达国家尽快承诺量化减排的时间表，争取属于自身的发展权益，这也可以看成是中国在国际舞台上发挥新的积极领导角色的一个新领域。
[Abstract]:Climate change is a common issue for mankind. It covers many fields, such as politics, economy, science and technology, ethics and so on. Bearing in mind the sustainable development of the future world... for the small island developing States most vulnerable to the threat of sea-level rise posed by climate change, full participation in the global climate negotiations is in the supreme national interest, Political tasks to be fulfilled. Since its inception, AOSIS has been active in the discharge of its responsibilities as a special lobbyist and negotiator for small island developing States in global climate negotiations, To strive for development opportunities and living space for its member and observer states. To some extent, global climate negotiations mean safeguarding the right to development for developing countries and quantitative emission reduction responsibilities for developed countries. But for the special Alliance of small Island States, it means a struggle for "life and death," which makes it easy to understand its relatively radical interests. For example, the greenhouse gas content in the atmosphere will be stabilized at 350 ppm carbon dioxide equivalent for a long time and the global average surface temperature will be kept within 1.5 degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial level. The Alliance of small Island States (AOSIS) has very limited global political and economic influence, and it is therefore not easy to get the attention of the international community. In the series of important negotiations on the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate change and in high-level international conferences such as the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development, AOSIS, through its own efforts, has clearly positioned itself and adopted an appropriate negotiating strategy, Increasingly gaining international attention and gaining greater interest in the outcome document of the International Conference. AOSIS stands on a high ethical initiative to unite like-minded partners, Drawing on the legal and technical support of non-governmental organizations and the rapid formation of clear positions and normative proposals that have won the sympathy, attention and support of the international community... this is not only a manifestation of the urgency of the Alliance of small Island States for the right to survival and development, It is also the result of the proper use of negotiation strategies. The cooperation and dialogue between China and the Alliance of small Island States (AOSIS) has not yet been mature, but both sides attach importance to maintaining the overall interests of the developing countries' camp. Whether China can unite the Alliance of small Island States (AOSIS) in climate negotiations to form a unified and strong voice of developing countries and urge developed countries to commit themselves as soon as possible to a timetable for quantified emission reductions, Striving for its own rights and interests in development can also be seen as a new field for China to play a new and active leadership role on the international stage.
【学位授予单位】：外交学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：X321;D813.1

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