从规范性力量看欧盟气候领导权的得失

发布时间：2018-03-18 15:01

本文选题：欧盟　切入点：规范性力量欧盟　出处：《复旦大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：20世纪90年代以来,欧盟对气候变化问题所做出的积极承诺已得到了广泛关注。欧盟在气候变化方面所做出的贡献是与它规范性力量这一身份定位相一致的。其长期致力于建立一个新的气候体制以遏制全球气候变暖,这来源于欧盟对于其绿色规范性力量的自我认同感。本文首先通过分析,认为欧盟在气候变化领域的具体表现体现了其绿色规范性力量的基本要求。欧盟法律体系中所体现的可持续发展原则、多边主义原则和预防性原则为欧盟在气候变化领域发挥规范性力量提供了规范性基础。之后,本文从规范性力量视角分析了欧盟气候领导权的德与失。本文认为欧盟在全球气候变化中的领导权来源于其绿色规范性力量的构建。规范性力量欧盟通过“以身作则”这一策略,成功领导并推动了京都议定书的协商、签字和批准。但之后欧盟在哥本哈根气候大会中却沦为旁观者,甚至在会议的最后阶段被边缘化。欧盟在哥本哈根的失利是多种因素共同作用的结果,但除了欧盟不可控的外部原因以外,本文认为欧盟规范性力量的解构从根本上导致了欧盟气候领导权的弱化。这具体表现在三个方面：一,减排诚意不足,削弱榜样力量；二,忽视他国利益诉求,过度强调自身立场,背离多边主义原则；三,规范性力量受到经济利益等因素的制约。哥本哈根大会后,欧盟痛定思痛,试图重塑其在全球气候变化中领导权。然而欧盟如今面临着许多新的挑战,这一定程度上制约了欧盟在气候变化谈判中的意愿和能力。但这并不意味着欧盟不能在进行中的气候谈判中发挥重要作用。为了加强欧盟在气候变化治理的影响力,欧盟需要做出调整。一方面,欧盟需要重塑其“以身作则”的领导策略。另一方面,欧盟需要调整其领导方式,加强与其他国际行为体,特别是美国和金砖四国的国际协商与合作,以保有其在气候变化领域的话语权与影响力,避免哥本哈根悲剧的重演。
[Abstract]:Since 1990s, The EU's positive commitment to climate change has received wide attention. The EU's contribution to climate change is consistent with its identity as a normative force. A new climate regime to curb global warming, This comes from the EU's self-identity with its green normative power. Considering that the concrete performance of the European Union in the field of climate change embodies the basic requirements of its green normative power, and the principles of sustainable development embodied in the EU legal system, The principles of multilateralism and prevention provide a normative basis for the EU to exercise its normative power in the area of climate change. This paper analyzes the morality and loss of the EU's climate leadership from the perspective of normative power. This paper argues that the EU's leadership in global climate change comes from the construction of its green normative power. "this strategy," Successfully led and promoted the negotiation, signature and ratification of the Kyoto Protocol. But the European Union became a bystander at the Copenhagen Climate Conference. Marginalized even in the final stages of the conference. The EU's failure in Copenhagen was the result of a combination of factors, but with the exception of external causes that the EU could not control, This paper argues that the deconstruction of EU normative forces has fundamentally led to the weakening of the EU's climate leadership. This is manifested in three aspects: first, lack of sincerity in reducing emissions, weakening the exemplary force; second, neglecting the interests of other countries. Overemphasize its position and deviate from the principle of multilateralism; third, normative forces are constrained by factors such as economic interests. Trying to reshape its leadership on global climate change. But the EU now faces many new challenges. This limits to some extent the EU's willingness and ability to negotiate climate change. But this does not mean that the EU cannot play an important role in the ongoing climate negotiations. The EU needs to adjust. On the one hand, it needs to reshape its leadership strategy of "leading by example." on the other hand, it needs to adapt its leadership to strengthen its engagement with other international actors. In particular, the United States and the BRIC countries have negotiated and cooperated internationally to retain their voice and influence in the area of climate change and to avoid a repeat of the Copenhagen tragedy.
【学位授予单位】：复旦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D81;P467

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